Based off Caitlin's ProProfs set.
Terms : Hide Images
| 2588797275 | What do we know about the relationship between genes and DNA? | DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation to the next | 0 | |
| 2588797276 | What is the structure of a DNA molecule? | double helix | 1 | |
| 2588797277 | Who discovered the structure of DNA? | Watson and Crick | 2 | |
| 2588797278 | Griffith's experiments showed what results? | Shows that transformation-process in which one strain of bacteria changes into another, can occur | 3 | |
| 2588797279 | In what ways is RNA different from DNA? | 1. The sugar in RNA is ribose, not deoxyribose 2. RNA is generally single-stranded 3. Replaces thymine with uracil | 4 | |
| 2588797280 | What happens in DNA replication? | the original DNA unwinds to serve as a template, so they can make copies | 5 | |
| 2588797281 | Compare and contrast DNA is prokaryotes and eukaryotes. | prokaryotes: in cytoplasm, only 1 replication bubble; eukaryotes: in nucleus | 6 | |
| 2588797282 | Why is protein synthesis such a vital process in living things? | it forms structural compunds and multiple necessary enzymes | 7 | |
| 2588797283 | How does protein synthesis occur? | 1. transcription 2. translation 3. polypeptide chain | 8 | |
| 2588797285 | What is a mutation? What may be the effects of a mutation? | mutation: change in genetic material; if a mutation affects even just one small protein, it can offset the entire chain of base pairs | 9 | |
| 2588797286 | Why is classification a valuable process? | to study the diversity of life | 10 | |
| 2588797287 | taxonomy | classifying organisms and assigning a universally accepted name to each organism | 11 | |
| 2588797288 | binomial nomenclature | each species assigned a 2 part name | 12 | |
| 2588797289 | Who was Linnaeus? Describe the system of classification he designed. | man who brought order by classification, 7 categories | 13 | |
| 2588797290 | What are the seven taxonomic categores in the Linnean system? | species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom | 14 | |
| 2588797291 | How are evolutionary relationships important today in classification? | organisms now grouped into categories that represent lines of evolutionary descent | 15 | |
| 2588797292 | Describe phylogeny and cladograms | Phylogeny- evolutionary relationships among organisms Cladograms- digram that shows evolutionary history | 16 | |
| 2588797293 | Name the six modern kingdoms of life | Eubacteria, Arcahebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia | 17 | |
| 2588797294 | What are the three current domains of life? | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya | 18 | |
| 2588797295 | Describe how dichotomy works. | dichotomous key: tool used to identify an organism, a series of paired statements that describe physical characteristics | 19 | |
| 2588797296 | In what ways do pathogens make us sick? | They enter your body then quickly multiply | 20 | |
| 2588797297 | How can we prevent or control the spread of pathogens? | wash hands, vaccinations, sanitize things | 21 | |
| 2588797298 | What are bacteria? How are they helpful? Harmful? | Bacteria- microorganism that may cause disease. They help fight off invading pathogens. They can poison the host by releasing toxins. | 22 | |
| 2588797299 | What is a virus? Are they helpful, harmful,both? What is the structure of a virus? | virus- particles of nuclueic acid, proteins, and lipids. Both, mostly harmful. A core of DNA or RNA. | 23 | |
| 2588797300 | Compare lytic and lysogenic infections. | Lytic- enter cell, makes copies, bursts cell Lyso- integrates with host DNA then replicate | 24 | |
| 2588797301 | bacteriophage | virus that infects bacteria | 25 | |
| 2588797302 | prions | no DNA or RNA just protein | 26 | |
| 2588797303 | viroids | single strand RNA molecule with no surrounding capsid | 27 | |
| 2588797304 | retrovirus | virus that contains RNA as their genetic information | 28 | |
| 2588797305 | What is a plant? | multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls made of cellulose, carry out photosynthesis | 29 | |
| 2588797306 | What do plants need to survive? | sunlight, water, minerals, gas exchange, and movement of water and minerals throughout the plant | 30 | |
| 2588797307 | What type of plants are bryophytes? | Nonvascular/ mosses, liverworts, and hornworts | 31 | |
| 2588797308 | What are the two types of vascular tissue in plants? | xylem, phloem | 32 | |
| 2588797309 | Identify the main characteristics of seed plants | have seed, can live anywhere, protect embryo in seed, can reproduce without water | 33 | |
| 2588797310 | Decribe differences between angiosperm and gymnosperms | Angiosperm- seeds in flowers/ fruit Gymnosperm- seeds on cones | 34 | |
| 2588797311 | annual | complete life cyle within one year | 35 | |
| 2588797312 | biennial | 1st year it grows roots, 2nd year it grows leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds | 36 | |
| 2588797313 | perennial | live more than 2 years | 37 | |
| 2588797314 | monocot | one seed leaf | 38 | |
| 2588797315 | dicot | 2 seed leaves | 39 | |
| 2588797316 | All chordate share which characteristics? | dorsal hollow nerve chord, notochord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail beyond the anus | 40 | |
| 2588797317 | Which characteristics distinguishes vertebrates from other chordates? | their backbones | 41 | |
| 2588797318 | What are basic fish characteristics? | Aquatic vertebrae- paired fins, scales, and gills | 42 | |
| 2588797319 | Which characteristics were important in the evolutionary development of fishes? | jaws and paired fins | 43 | |
| 2588797320 | What adaptations make fishes suited for life in the water? | various modes of feeding, specialized structures for gas exchange, and paired fins | 44 | |
| 2588797321 | How are amphibians adapted for life on land? | bones, stronger limb girdles, lungs and breathing tubes, and a strong sternum | 45 | |
| 2588797322 | lateral line | can detect gentle currents and vibrations in water | 46 | |
| 2588797323 | oviparous | develop and hatch outside of mother's body | 47 | |
| 2588797324 | viviparous | embryo in mother after fertilization | 48 | |
| 2588797325 | ovoviviparous | eggs in mother after fertilization | 49 | |
| 2588797326 | atrium and ventricle | atrium: recieves and hold blood; ventricle: pumps blood out to body | 50 | |
| 2588797327 | cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblangata | cerebrum: voluntary activities of the body; cerebellum: coordinates the body movement; medulla obtantata: controls internal organs | 51 | |
| 2588797328 | What are characteristics of mammals? | hair, nourish young with milk, 4-chambered hearts, generate internal body heat | 52 | |
| 2588797329 | How do mammals maintain homeostasis? | Kidneys filter urea from blood, excrete or retain water | 53 | |
| 2588797330 | Compare and contrast the three major groups of mammals. | monotreme- lay eggs marsupials- bear live young but early development placentals - have placenta | 54 | |
| 2588797331 | What characteristics do all primates share? | binocular vision, well developed cerebrum, long fingers and toes, arms that rotate in shoulder joint | 55 | |
| 2588797333 | binocular vision | ability to merge visual images from both eyes, creating depth perception, and a 3D view | 56 | |
| 2588797334 | opposable thumbs | enables grasping and using tools | 57 | |
| 2588797335 | bipedal | 2 foot locomotion | 58 | |
| 2588797336 | prehensile | tail that can coil around a branch | 59 | |
| 2588797337 | placenta | internal structure made of embryo and mother's tissue combined | 60 | |
| 2588797338 | What produces behavior in animals? | when an animal responds to a stimulus, body systems respond | 61 | |
| 2588797339 | innate and learned behavior | innate: instinct, inborn behavior; learned: animals alter behavior from past experience | 62 | |
| 2588797343 | What are the major types of learning? | 1. Habituation- stop responding to a stimulus because it neither rewards nor harms 2. Classical conditioning - learning by practice 3. Operant conditioning - learn by trial and error | 63 | |
| 2588797344 | What is the difference between a stimulus and a response? | stimulus triggers a response | 64 | |
| 2588797345 | What is the difference between internal and external stimuli? | Internal- inside the body External-outside the body | 65 | |
| 2588797346 | How do enviromental changes affect animal behavior? | animals respond to periodic changes in the enviroment with daily or seasonal cycles of behavior | 66 | |
| 2588797347 | Which behaviors commonly result from enviromental changes? | migration, hibernation, and dormancy | 67 | |
| 2588797348 | What are the ways in which animals communicate? | visual, touch, sound, or chemical signals | 68 | |
| 2588797349 | circadian rhythm | Behavior cycle that occurs in daily patterns | 69 | |
| 2588797350 | imprinting | young animals learn to recognize and follow the first moving object they see | 70 | |
| 2588797351 | What are pheromones? | chemical messengers | 71 | |
| 2588797352 | What are characterisitcs of reptiles? | vertebrate with scaly skin, lungs, and eggs with membranes | 72 | |
| 2588797353 | What specializations do reptiles have in body systems? | well developed lungs and a 2 loop circulatory system | 73 | |
| 2588797354 | What adaptations do they have for their type of life and habitat? | strong limbs, internal fertilization, and shelled terestrial eggs | 74 | |
| 2588797355 | What are the distinguishing characteristics of birds? | feathers, 2 scaly legs, and front limbs modified to wings | 75 | |
| 2588797356 | What specializations and adaptations do birds exhibit? | efficent digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems / aerodynamic feathers and wings / lightweight skeletal system | 76 | |
| 2588797357 | amnion membrane | cushions the developing embryo | 77 | |
| 2588797358 | allantois membrane | stores embryo wastes | 78 | |
| 2588797359 | chorion membrane | regulates gas exchange | 79 | |
| 2588797360 | yolk sack | nutrient supply for embryo | 80 | |
| 2588797361 | What does it mean if an animal is an ectotherm or an endotherm? | ectotherm: depends on environment to maintain body temperature; endotherm: can regulate its own body temperature | 81 |
