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Boyer, "The Enduring Vision" Chapter 28: 1960-1968 Flashcards

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1426539513Greensboro "coffee party"One of many "sit-ins" by African Americans to combat segregation.1
1426539514Clean Air Act of 1963Regulated the emissions of automobiles and industrial complexes.2
1426539515Peace-corpsCreated in 1961, JFK's main intent with this organization was to advocate anti-communism in third world countries.3
1426539516Bay of PigsA CIA plan, under JFK, to overthrow Fidel Castro of Cuba from power, which ended in complete inhalation of the anti-Castro exiles here.4
1426539517Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)Organized a "freedom ride" through the Deep South to reinforce the 1960 Supreme Court ruling that barred segregation of interstate transportation facilities.5
1426539518Eugene "Bull" ConnorPolice Commissioner of Birmingham Alabama who released violence upon the non-violent black demonstrators, ultimately pushing JFK to intervene in Southern desegregation efforts.6
1426539519March on Washington for Jobs and FreedomOriginally proposed by A. Phillip Randolph in 1941, this gathered a quarter million people (black and white) and was where MLK reassured the movement to racial equality and freedom for all people.("I have a Dream")7
1426539520Equal Employment Opportunity CommissionCreated by LBJ to enforce the ban on job discrimination.8
1426539521Malcolm X (Little)A member of the Black Power movement who called for black Americans to do any means necessary for freedom and equality.9
1426539522Black Panther Part for Self-DefenseCreated by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, this was a paramilitary group that encouraged its members to fight back with force.10
1426539523Economic Opportunity Act of 1966LBJ's first step against poverty, this included a Job corps (market skill training), a domestic peace corps(VISTA), free compensatory education to disadvantaged families(Project Head Start), a Community Action Program(include poor in decisions that affect them), and public works and training programs.11
1426539524Operation Rolling ThunderOrder by FDJ in 1965, this was the sustained bombing of North Vietnam.12
1426539525John F. KennedyA liberal, Roman Catholic who was a popular president. He created the Peace Corps, was President when the Berlin Wall was erected, and handled the Cuban Missile Crisis with Khrushchev .13
1426539526Cuban Missile CrisisAfter the Bay of Pigs, Russia had planted nuclear warheads in Cuba and had almost went to war with the U.S. It ended with an agreement between Kennedy and Khrushchev removing nuclear weapons from Cuba and Turkey.14
1426539527Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)Formed in 1960, this stressed non-violent civil disobedience strategies used by MLK; was formed by the Freedom Riders.15
1426539528Martin Luther King Jr. (MLK)Leader of the black freedom movement, he started marches and other public displays to bring racial segregation to the nation's attention.16
1426539529Civil Rights Act of 1964Regarded as the most important civil rights law in U.S. history, that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.17
1426539530Voting Rights Act of 1965This demanded that all black Americans have the ability to vote without discrimination.18
1426539531Black PowerA militant black group that strove to win equality with force.19
1426539532Lyndon B. JohnsonV.P. to JFK, he was Southern liberal who (as President), gave tax cuts, created the Civil Rights Act, created the Great Society, and declared war on poverty.20
1426539533War on PovertyThis was made to provide greater opportunity for the poor; this created the Job Corps, Vista (domestic Peace Corps), Project Headstart...21
1426539534Great SocietyLBJ's vision for America being a place where all would be able to reach for goals.22
1426539535Barry GoldwaterHe was a conservative against all liberal laws, and lost the 1964 presidential election.23
1426539536MedicareProvides health insurance for aged and social security24
1426539537MedicaidProvided Health plans for the poor.25
1426539538Immigration Act of 1965This ended the National Origins quotas and brought a increase in diversity.26
1426539539Miranda v. Arizona 1966States that police must advise a suspect to remain silent and have a lawyer present when questioned.27
1426539540American Indian Movement (AIM)A group that was created to give Native Americans pride, the privilege of being a recognized race, and help from the federal government.28
1426539541Cesar ChavezHe created the National Farm Workers Association and was a Latino civil rights activist.29
1426539542ChicanoA derogatory termed coined to describe Mexican Americans, this was an extension from the Mexican civil rights movement.30
1426539543Asian American Political AllianceA group that fought for Asian American civil rights.31
1426539544National Organization of Women (NOW)Founded in 1966, this group wanted equal opportunities for women and no gender discrimination.32
1426539545Gulf of Tonkin ResolutionA solution made by Congress that gave LBJ the power to do anything that is necessary for South Vietnam.33
1426539546Hawks and doves.Polar groups that would emerge from the war in Vietnam, the first group wanting victory and the second wanting negotiation and peace.34

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