Terms : Hide Images
| 6676749 | medulla oblongata | regulates heart rhythm, blood flow, breathing rate, digestion, vomiting | |
| 6676750 | pons | includes portion of the reticular activating system or reticular formation critical for arousal and wakefullness; sends information to and from medulla, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex | |
| 6676751 | cerebellum | controls posture, equilibrium, and movement | |
| 6676752 | thalamus | relays visual, auditory, taste, somatosensory information to/from appropriate areas of cerebral cortex | |
| 6676753 | hypothalamus | controls feeding behavior, drinking behavior, body temperature, sexual behavior, tghreshold for rage behavior, activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, and secretion of hormones of the pituitary | |
| 6676754 | amygdala | influences emotions such as aggression, fear, and self-protective behaviors | |
| 6676755 | hippocampus | enables formation of new long-term memories | |
| 6676756 | cerebral cortex | center for higher order processes such as thinking, planning, judgement; receives and processes sensory information and directs movement | |
| 6676757 | association areas | areas of the cerebral cortex that do not have any specific sensory or motor functions, but are involved in higher mental functions such as thinking, planning, communicating | |
| 6676784 | occipital lobes | primary area for processing visual informaiton | |
| 6676785 | parietal lobes | front strip is somatosensory cortex that processes sensory information including touch, temperature, and pain from body parts; association area perceive objects | |
| 6676786 | frontal lobes | interpret and control emotional behaviors, make decisions, carry out plans | |
| 6676787 | Broca's area | located in left frontal lobe, controls production of speech | |
| 6676788 | Temporal lobes | primary area of hearing, understnding language (Wernicke's area) understanidng music/tonality, processing smell | |
| 6676789 | Wernicke's area | located in left temporal lobe, plays role in understanding language and making meaningful sentences. | |
| 6681986 | aphasia | impairment of the ability to understand or use language | |
| 6681987 | glial cells | supportive cells of the nervous system that guide the growth of developing neurons, help provide nutrition for and get ride of wastes of neurons, and form an insulating sheath around neurons that speeds conduction. | |
| 6681988 | neuron | the basic unit of structure and function of your nervous system. Perform 3 major functions: receive information, process it, and transmit it to the rest of your body | |
| 6681989 | cell body | also called cyton or soma; the part of the neuron that contains cytoplasm and the nucleus, which directs the synthesis of substances such as transmitters | |
| 6681990 | dendrites | branching tubular processes of neurons that have receptor sites for receiving information | |
| 6681991 | axon | a long, single conducting fiber extending from the cell body of a neuron that transmits an action potential and that brances and ends in tips called terminal buttons which secrete neurotransmitters | |
| 6681992 | myelin sheath | a fatty covering of the axon made by glial cells, which speeds up conduciton of the action potential | |
| 6681993 | terminal buttons | tips at the end of axons that secrete neurotransmitters when stimulated by the aciton potential | |
| 6681994 | neurotransmitters | chemical messengers released by the terminal buttons of the presynaptic neuron into the synapse | |
| 6681995 | Acetylcholine (ACh) | a neurotransmitter that causes contraction of skeletal muscles, helps regulate heart muscles, is involved in memory and also transmits messages between the brain and spinal cord | |
| 6681996 | Dopamine | a neurotransmitter that stimulates the hypothalamus to synthesize hormones and affects alertness, attention, and movement (lack of is associated with Parkinson's disease; too much=schizophrenia) | |
| 6681997 | Serotonin | a neurotransmitter associated with arousal, sleep, appetite, moods, and emotions. Lack=depression | |
| 6681998 | Endorphins | a neurotransmitter similar to the opiate morphine that relieves pain and may induce feelings of pleasure | |
| 6681999 | Gamma-aminoubutyric acid (GABA) | a neurotransmitter that inhibits firing of postsynaptic neurons (Huntington's disease/ seizures) |
