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| 5442417041 | Bureaucracy | Bureaucracy - a large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of an organization by definition, a bureaucracy is built on three principles: hierarchical authority (chain of command) job specialization (each bureaucrat has a certain defined role) formalized rules (work is accomplished according to established regulations and procedures) |  | 0 |
| 5442417042 | Pros of Bureaucracy | effective way for multiple people to work on public issues can speed action by defining authority job specialization promotes efficiency | 1 | |
| 5442417043 | Cons of Bureaucracy | inefficient and waste can come from having too many levels of hierarchy, or too complex of procedures bureaucrats are not elected | 2 | |
| 5442417044 | How are Government Workers Chosen? | Political Appointees- top leadership positions whom the President has chosen because they have proven executive ability (usually ends when the President leaves office) Civil Service Workers- permanent employment, based on competitive tests and merit They work within the Civil Service System | 3 | |
| 5442417045 | Spoils system | Became very popular under Andrew Jackson Government jobs went to people as a reward for their political support New President's fired most workers and replaced them with their own Ex. Jackson put Martin Van Buren as Sec. of State and then VP because he was Jackson's campaign manager and helped Jackson win the election Ex. Jackson made Roger Taney Supreme Court Chief Justice because he helped Jackson remove all of the money from the national bank because Jackson opposed it | 4 | |
| 5442417046 | Merit system | Came about during Progressive Era with the Pendleton Act Known as Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 Now jobs within the Civil Service System are awarded based on merit and examinations Sets standards for federal jobs Only 1% of federal bureaucracy jobs are picked by the President | 5 | |
| 5442417047 | Federal Bureaucracy | agencies and employees of the executive branch Carry out programs created by Congress Administer day to day functions of the Executive Branch Regulate various activities (police, banks, airlines, etc.) Executive Branch Bureaucracy today contains over 3 million workers. Headed by the President Constitution anticipates the creation of two departments for the military and for foreign affairs The Constitution doesn't say much else about the organization of the Executive Branch |  | 6 |
| 5442417048 | federal bureaucracy divisions | -Executive Office of the President -The Cabinet -Independent agencies | 7 | |
| 5442417049 | Top 3 of EOP | -Council of Economic advisors -Office of Management and budget -National security council | 8 | |
| 5442417050 | Council of Economic Advisors | Three of the nation's leading economists Advise the President on the state of the nation's economy | 9 | |
| 5442417051 | National Security Council | A major part of the EOP Advises the President on matters of domestic and foreign national security Includes: President and Vice President Secretaries of Defense, State, and Treasury Director of National Intelligence Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff | 10 | |
| 5442417052 | Office of management and budget | Largest and most influential unit of the Executive Office (after the White House Staff) Helps the President prepare the annual federal budget, which must be presented to Congress every year | 11 | |
| 5442417053 | Chief of Staff | Largest and most influential unit of the Executive Office (after the White House Staff) Helps the President prepare the annual federal budget, which must be presented to Congress every year | 12 | |
| 5442417054 | Executive departments | President Washington asked for Congress to provide federal funding for 3 executive depts. to assist in carrying out his presidential duties: Department of State Department of Treasury Department of War There are now 15 departments Largest part of Executive Branch Do most work carrying out laws and running government. Each department helps President carry out one or more of his jobs. Heads of the departments are called Secretaries Each secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet Except Attorney General | 13 | |
| 5442417055 | Presidential cabinet | -important group of advisors to the President. -All members of the cabinet are called secretaries. Exception: head of Justice Department called Attorney General. -Senate must approve | 14 | |
| 5442417056 | Department of State | Plans and carries out the nation's foreign policy | 15 | |
| 5442417057 | Department of Treasury | Collects, borrows, spends, and prints money | 16 | |
| 5442417058 | Department of Defense | Manages the military | 17 | |
| 5442417059 | Department of Justice | Responsible for all aspects of law enforcement | 18 | |
| 5442417060 | Department of Interior | Manages and protects the nation's public lands and natural resources | 19 | |
| 5442417061 | Department of Agriculture | Assists farmers and consumers of products | 20 | |
| 5442417062 | Department of Commerce | Supervises trade and promotes US business | 21 | |
| 5442417063 | Department of Labor | Deals with working conditions and wages | 22 | |
| 5442417064 | Dept of Health & Human Services | Works for the well being & health of Americans | 23 | |
| 5442417065 | Dept of Housing & Urban Development | Deals with special needs and problems of cities | 24 | |
| 5442417066 | Dept of Transportation | Manages nation's highways, railroads, airlines, & sea traffic | 25 | |
| 5442417067 | Department of Energy | Directs overall energy plan | 26 | |
| 5442417068 | Department of Education | Provides advice and funding for schools | 27 | |
| 5442417069 | Department of Veterans Affairs | Directs services for armed force veterans | 28 | |
| 5442417070 | Department of Homeland Security | Oversees America's defenses against terrorist attacks | 29 | |
| 5442417071 | Department | Cabinet | 30 | |
| 5442417072 | Corporation | Conducts business activity | 31 | |
| 5442417073 | Commission | Regulates business activity | 32 | |
| 5442417074 | Agency | Almost as important as Cabinet but not(NASA) | 33 | |
| 5442417075 | Types of Independent Agencies | -Executive agencies -Regulatory commissions -Government corporations | 34 | |
| 5442417076 | Executive Agencies | Deal with certain specialized areas within government Ex. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) | 35 | |
| 5442417077 | Regulatory Commissions | Report to Congress Protect the public by making and enforce rules for industries or groups Ex. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) | 36 | |
| 5442417078 | Government corporation | Private businesses owned and operated by the government and not private people Ex. Postal Service (USPS) | 37 |
