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Cambell biology Ch 12 and 13 Flashcards

for biology test #3

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423031046synapsisThe pairing and physical connection of duplicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis1
423031047chromatinThe entire complex of DNA and proteins that is the building material of chromosomes.2
423031048sexual reproductionTwo parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from both parents3
423031049cleavage furrowCytokinesis in animal cells is accomplished by a groove formed around the cell near the old metaphase plate called a _______.4
423031050cell divisionThe continuity of life is based on reproduction of cells or ____.5
423031051asterA radial array of short microtubules that extends from each centrosome toward the plasma membrane in an animal cell undergoing mitosis.6
423031052homologousA pair of chromosomes of the same length, centromere position and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characteristics at corresponding loci are said to be _____.7
423031053telophaseThe fifth stage of mitosis in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun8
423031054cisternaeA membrane bound, flattened sac located at the midline of a dividing plant cell.9
423031055genomeThe total genetic material of an organism or virus.10
423031056haploidCells that contain a single set (n) of chromosomes.11
423031057prophaseThe first stage of mitosis in which the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes.12
423031058meiosisA modified type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.13
423031059sister chromatidsTwo copies of a duplicated chromosome attached to each other by proteins at the centromere.14
423031060cytokinesisThe division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.15
423031061interphaseThe period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing.16
423031062anaphaseThe fourth stage of mitosis in which chromatids have separated and are moving to the poles of the cell.17
423031063recombinant chromosomeThe random orientation of pairs of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I or meiosis I.18
423031064binary fissionThe type of replication found in prokaryotes (a type of asexual reproduction).19
423031065somatic cellsAll body cells except the reproductive cells.20
423031066mitosisA process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells that conserves chromosome number by allocating replicated chromosomes equally to each of the daughter cells.21
423031067chromosomeA cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.22
423031068metaphaseThe third stage of mitosis in which chromosomes are attached to microtubules and align at the equator.23
423031069recombinantIndividual chromosomes that carry genes derived from two different parents as a result of crossing over are said to be ______.24
423031070centromereA region containing specific DNA sequences where the chromatid is attached most closely to its sister chromatid.25
423031071alternation of generationsA type of life cycle in plants and some algae in which there is both a multicellular diploid form, the sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the gametophyte.26
423031072crossing overThe reciprocal exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids during somatic cells.27
423031073kinetochoreA structure of proteins attached to the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle.28
423031074cell cycleThe life of cell from the time it is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own division into two daughter cells.29

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