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| 1746699206 | Amphipathic | A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region. | 0 | |
| 1746699207 | Selective Permeability | A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others. | 1 | |
| 1746699208 | Fluid Mosaic Model | Membrane is a fluid structure with a "mosaic" of various proteins embedded in or attached to a bilayer of phospholipids. | 2 | |
| 1746699209 | Peripheral Proteins | Protein appendages loosely bound to the surface of the membrane and not embedded in the lipid bilayer. | 3 | |
| 1746699210 | Integral Proteins | Penetrate the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer | 4 | |
| 1746699211 | Glycoproteins | (Most secretory proteins) proteins that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them. These carbohydrates are attached by specialized molecules in the ER membrane. | 5 | |
| 1746699212 | Glycolipids | Carbohydrates covalently bonded to lipids Made in Golgi Apparatus | 6 | |
| 1746699213 | Transport Proteins | Help move hydrophilic substances to pass through bilayer. | 7 | |
| 1746699214 | Aquaporins | Channel proteins that facilitate the passage of water | 8 | |
| 1746699215 | Carrier Protein | A type of transport proteins that hold on to passengers and change their shape to shuttle molecules across the membrane | 9 | |
| 1746699216 | Diffusion | Movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration to reach equilibrium | 10 | |
| 1746699217 | Concentration Gradient | An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Cells often maintain concentration gradients of ions across their membranes. | 11 | |
| 1746699218 | Passive Transport | Movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy from the cell | 12 | |
| 1746699219 | Osmosis | The movement of water High to low concentration Really important to life | 13 | |
| 1746699220 | Tonicity | Describes the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water | 14 | |
| 1746699221 | Isotonic Solution | A solution with the same concentration of water and solutes as inside a cell, resulting in the cell retaining its normal shape because there is no net movement of water. | 15 | |
| 1746699222 | Hypertonic Solution | A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution More water in solution; loose water; die/shrink | 16 | |
| 1746699223 | Hypotonic Solution | A solution in which the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution Less water in solution' water will enter cell faster than it leaves; Swell/lyse (burst) | 17 | |
| 1746699224 | Osmoregulation | The control of solute concentration & water balance | 18 | |
| 1746699225 | Turgid | Healthy state for most plant cells Cell is very firm | 19 | |
| 1746699226 | Flaccid | No net tendency for water to enter (ex. if a plant's cell and their surroundings are isotonic Cell is limp | 20 | |
| 1746699227 | Facilitated Diffusion | A process in which substances are transported across a plasma membrane with the concentration gradient with the aid of carrier (transport) proteins; does not require the use of energy. | 21 | |
| 1746699228 | Active Transport | Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient | 22 | |
| 1746699229 | Sodium Potassium Pump | Exchanges Na+ for K+ across the plasma membrane of animal cells | 23 | |
| 1746699230 | Membrane Potential | The difference in electrical charge (voltage) across a cell's plasma membrane due to the differential distribution of ions. | 24 | |
| 1746699231 | Electrochemical Gradient | The diffusion gradient of an ion, which is affected by both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane (a chemical force) and the ion's tendency to move relative to the membrane potential (an electrical force). | 25 | |
| 1746699232 | Proton Pump | Actively transports protons (hydrogen ions H+) out of the cell Main electrogenic pump of plants, fungi, & bacteria | 26 | |
| 1746699233 | Cotransport | The coupling of the "downhill" diffusion of one substance to the "uphill" transport of another against its own concentration gradient. | 27 | |
| 1746699234 | Bulk Transport | Mechanism for transporting molecules across the plasma membrane where the plasma membrane creates a transport vesicle that carries (then deposits) molecules or particles into (endocytosis) or out (exocytosis) of the cell | 28 | |
| 1746699235 | Endocytosis | Cells engulf substances into pouch which becomes a vesicle. | 29 | |
| 1746699236 | Exocytosis | Expulsion or secretion of materials from a cell. | 30 | |
| 1746699237 | Phagocytosis | A cell engulfs a particle by packing it into a food vacuole "Cell-eating" | 31 | |
| 1746699238 | Pinocytosis | Cellular "drinking"; a type of endocytosis in which the cell takes fluid and dissolved solutes into small membranous vesicles | 32 | |
| 1746699239 | Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis | A specialized type of pinocytosis that enables the cell to aquire bulk quantities of specific substances, even if substances aren't concentrated in extracellular fluid | 33 |
