An Introduction to Metabolism
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| 1200520706 | metabolism | an emergent property of life that arises from orderly interactions between molecules. | 0 | |
| 1200520707 | metabolic pathway | begins with a specific molecule and ends with a product | 1 | |
| 1200520708 | catabolic pathway | metabolic pathways that release energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds | 2 | |
| 1200520709 | anabolic pathway | consume energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones | 3 | |
| 1200520710 | bioenergetics | the study of how energy flows through living organisms | 4 | |
| 1200520711 | energy | The ability to do work or cause change | 5 | |
| 1200520712 | kinetic energy | energy of motion | 6 | |
| 1200520713 | thermal energy | the total amount of energy associated with the random movement of atoms and molecules in a sample of matter | 7 | |
| 1200520714 | potential energy | The energy that matter possesses as a result of its location or structure | 8 | |
| 1200520715 | chemical energy | potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction | 9 | |
| 1200520716 | thermodynamics | study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter | 10 | |
| 1200520717 | first law | energy is never created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to another | 11 | |
| 1200520718 | second law | energy will spontaneously flow in a direction in which entropy of the universe increases. Change in entropy of the universe is always > 0. | 12 | |
| 1200520719 | entropy | a measure of the randomness or disorder of a system | 13 | |
| 1200520720 | spontaneous process | a process that can occur without an input of energy | 14 | |
| 1200520721 | free energy | The portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temperature is uniform throughout the system. | 15 | |
| 1200520722 | exergonic reaction | A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy. | 16 | |
| 1200520723 | endergonic reaction | A non-spontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings. | 17 | |
| 1200520724 | energy coupling | The use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one | 18 | |
| 1200520725 | ATP | An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells. | 19 | |
| 1200520726 | phosphorylated intermediate | A molecule with a phosphate group covalently bound to it, making it more reactive that the unphosphorylated molecule. | 20 | |
| 1200520727 | activation energy | the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction | 21 | |
| 1200520728 | enzyme | A protein serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction | 22 | |
| 1200520729 | catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction | 23 | |
| 1200520730 | substrate | reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction | 24 | |
| 1200520731 | enzyme substrate complex | a temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules | 25 | |
| 1200520732 | active site | The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds. | 26 | |
| 1200520733 | induced fit | The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate, induced by entry of the substrate. | 27 | |
| 1200520734 | competitive inhibitor | A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics. | 28 | |
| 1200520735 | cofactor | a substance (as a coenzyme) that must join with another to produce a given result | 29 | |
| 1200520736 | coenzyme | An organic molecule serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function as coenzymes in important metabolic reactions | 30 | |
| 1200520737 | noncompetitive inhibitor | A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate. | 31 | |
| 1200520738 | allosteric regulation | The binding of a regulatory molecule to a protein at one site that affects the function of the protein at a different site. | 32 | |
| 1200520739 | feedback inhibition | A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway. | 33 |
