Viruses
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| 6247510540 | virus | not cells, however, but infectious particles consisting of nucleic acid encased in a protein coat and, in some cases, a membranous envelope can be a DNA virus or an RNA virus, tiniest as small as ribosome | 0 | |
| 6247510541 | viruses part 2 | Lack metabolic enzymes, ribosomes, and other equipment for making proteins, obligate intracellular parasites ( can only reproduce in host cell) | 1 | |
| 6247510542 | capsid | the outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus built from capsomeres | 2 | |
| 6247510543 | viral envelope | A membrane, derived from membranes of the host cell, that cloaks the capsid, which in turn encloses a viral genome. | 3 | |
| 6247510544 | helical viruses icosahedral viruses. | rod-shaped, tobacco virus Adenoviruses have 252 identical proteins arranged into a polyhedral capsid with 20 triangular facets—an icosahedron. | 4 | |
| 6247510545 | bacteriophage | a virus that infects bacteria | 5 | |
| 6247510546 | host range | The limited range of host cells that each type of virus can infect and parasitize. | 6 | |
| 6247510547 | lytic cycle | a method of viral replication that results in the destruction of a host cell and the release of many new virus particles |  | 7 |
| 6247510548 | virulent phage | A phage that reproduces only by a lytic cycle. | 8 | |
| 6247510549 | restriction enzymes | enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides | 9 | |
| 6247510550 | lysogenic cycle | a phage replication cycle in which the viral genome becomes incorporated into the bacterial host chromosome as a prophage and does not kill the host |  | 10 |
| 6247510551 | temperate phages | Phages that are capable of using either the lytic or lysogenic cycle. The switch from the lysogenic to lytic mode may be triggered by an environmental signal such as certain chemicals or high-energy radiation. | 11 | |
| 6247510552 | prophage | the viral DNA that is embedded in the host cell's DNA during lysogenic cycle | 12 | |
| 6247510553 | retrovirus | An RNA virus that reproduces by transcribing its RNA into DNA and then inserting the DNA into a cellular chromosome; an important class of cancer-causing viruses. | 13 | |
| 6247510554 | reverse transcriptase | An enzyme encoded by some certain viruses (retroviruses) that uses RNA as a template for DNA synthesis. | 14 | |
| 6247510555 | HIV | Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the virus that causes AIDS retrovirus | 15 | |
| 6247510556 | provirus | Viral DNA that is integrated into a host cell's chromosome and replicated each time the host cell replicates | 16 | |
| 6247510557 | transposon | genetic element that moves from one location to another in a genome Candidate for the original source of viral genomes include plasmids and transposons Plasmids, transposons, and viruses are all mobile genetic elements. | 17 | |
| 6247510558 | mimivirus | a double-stranded DNA virus, the largest virus yet discovered, is the size of a small bacterium; there is controversy about whether this virus evolved before or after cells | 18 | |
| 6247510559 | viroid | in plants, infectious disease agent composed of a single strand of RNA with no capsid | 19 | |
| 6247510560 | vaccine | immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies | 20 | |
| 6247510561 | emerging viruses | viruses that appear suddenly or are new to medical scientists | 21 | |
| 6247510562 | epidemic | a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease | 22 | |
| 6247510563 | pandemic | an epidemic that is geographically widespread | 23 | |
| 6247510564 | horizontal transmission | plant is infected from an external source of the virus | 24 | |
| 6247510565 | vertical transmission | a plant inherits a viral infection from a parent | 25 | |
| 6247510566 | viriod | smaller and simpler than even viruses, consist of tiny molecules of naked circular RNA that infect plants do not encode proteins but can replicate in host plant cells, apparently using host cell enzymes. cause errors in plant growth | 26 | |
| 6247510567 | prion | an infectious particle that consists only of a protein and that does not contain DNA or RNA appear to cause a number of degenerative brain diseases in various animal species. T | 27 |
