Terms : Hide Images
| 5257415036 | Organic Chemistry | The branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon compounds. They range from simple molecules such as methane, to colossal ones, such as proteins. Most contain hydrogen atoms in addition to carbon atoms. | 0 | |
| 5257415037 | Hydrocarbons | an organic molecule made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. | 1 | |
| 5257415038 | Isomers | organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structure and therefore different properties. | 2 | |
| 5257415039 | Structural Isomers | Differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms. | 3 | |
| 5257415040 | cis trans isomers | Carbons have covalent bonds to the same atoms, but these atoms differ in spatial arrangements due to the inflexibility of double bonds. | 4 | |
| 5257415041 | Enantiomers | Isomers that are mirror images of each other and that differ in shape due to the presence of an asymmetric carbon, one that is attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms. | 5 | |
| 5257415042 | Functional Groups | A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and involved in chemical reactions. | 6 | |
| 5257415043 | Hydroxyl group | A hydrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to the carbon skeleton of the organic molecule. | 7 | |
| 5257415044 | carbonyl group | Consists of a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond. | 8 | |
| 5257415045 | carboxyl group | When an oxygen atom is double bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded to an -OH group. | 9 | |
| 5257415046 | amino group | Consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton. | 10 | |
| 5257415047 | sulfhydryl group | Consists of a sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen. It resembles a hydroxyl group in shape. | 11 | |
| 5257415048 | phosphate group | A phosphorus atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms, one oxygen is bonded to the carbon skeleton, two oxygens carry negative charges. | 12 | |
| 5257415049 | methyl group | Consists of a carbon bonded to three hydrogen atoms. The carbon may be attached to a carbon or to a different atom. | 13 | |
| 5257415050 | hydroxyl |  | 14 | |
| 5257415051 | carbonyl |  | 15 | |
| 5257415052 | carboxyl |  | 16 | |
| 5257415053 | amino |  | 17 | |
| 5257415054 | sulfhydryl |  | 18 | |
| 5257415055 | phosphate |  | 19 | |
| 5257415056 | methyl |  | 20 | |
| 5257415057 | alcohol | Name of hydroxyl group compound | 21 | |
| 5257415058 | Ketone | Name of the carbonyl group compound if it is within a carbon skeleton | 22 | |
| 5257415059 | Aldehyde | Name of the carbonyl group compound if it is at the end of the carbon skeleton | 23 | |
| 5257415060 | Carboxylic acid | Or organic acid. Name of carboxyl group compound | 24 | |
| 5257415061 | amine | Name of animo group compound | 25 | |
| 5257415062 | thiol | Name of sulfhydryl group compound | 26 | |
| 5257415063 | organic phosphate | Name of phosphate group compound | 27 | |
| 5257415064 | methylated compound | Name of methyl group compound | 28 | |
| 5257415065 | hydroxyl | is polar as a result of the electrons spending more time near the electronegative oxygen atom | 29 | |
| 5257415066 | hydroxyl | can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, helping dissolve organic compounds such as sugars | 30 | |
| 5257415067 | carbonyl | a ketone and an aldehyde may be structural isomers with different properties, as is the case for acetone and propanal | 31 | |
| 5257415068 | carboxyl | acts as an acid; can donate an H+ because the covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar | 32 | |
| 5257415069 | amino | acts as a base, can pick up an H+ from the surrounding solution | 33 | |
| 5257415070 | sulfhydrl | two of these can react, forming a covalent bond which helps stabilize protein structure | 34 | |
| 5257415071 | phosphate | contributes negative charge to the molecule of which it is a part | 35 | |
| 5257415072 | phosphate | molecules containing this have the potential to react with water | 36 | |
| 5257415073 | methyl | addition of this to DNA affects the expression of genes | 37 | |
| 5257415074 | methyl | arrangement of this in male and female sex hormones affects their shape and function | 38 |
