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Campbell Biology Concepts & Connections chapter 8 Flashcards

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1393153760All cells have to duplicate their DNA, it is all controlled by what?Enzymes0
1393153761Binary fission happens in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?Prokaryotes1
1393153762Single strand of DNA is held together by what?/Polar Covalent bonds2
1393153763What are the polar covalent bonds between?phosphate and sugar3
1393153764What is the three part structure of a nucleotide?dioxyribose,phosphate group, & nitrogenous base4
1393153765Step 5 in binary fission?Hydrogen bonds5
1393153766What are the hydrogen bonds between?The bases (A.T.C.G)6
1393153767A's & T's can only bond how many times?27
1393153768G's & C's can bond how many times?38
1393153769First step of DNA Replication?Uncoiled- the molecules have to be exposef to the enzymes9
1393153770Second step of DNA Replication?Unzipped- hydrogen bonds get dissolved10
1393153771Who dissolves the hydrogen bonds in the DNA Replication?DNA Helacies11
1393153772Third step of DNA Replication?DNA Polimerazes- the cell is then ready to split12
1393153773Prokaryotes reproduces how?asexually13
1393153774Binary fission occurs in what?Prokaryotes14
1393153775How long is prokaryotes life?1 hour15
1393153776What shape in DNACircular16
1393153777Step one in binary fission?Circular DNA attaches to membrane17
1393153778Step two in binary fission?Cell is expanding.18
1393153779In what step of binary fission how dna been replicated?Step two19
1393153780Step three in binary fission?puts more phospholipids into membrane20
1393153781Step 4 in binary fission?Plasma membrane gets so big b/c of all of the phospholipids that it encloses around each set of DNA21
1393153782Step 5 in binary fission?Membrane pinches the 2 cells apart, the parent-cell completes the division22
1393153783cells in the what go through meiosis to produce gamates?Asexually23
1393153784cells in the what go through meiosis to produce gamates?Ovaries and testies24
1393153785Steps of meiosis I?Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, anaphase 1, telophase 1, prophase 2, m2, a2,t225
1393153786What is the spindle made up of?Spindle shows up, nucleus disappears26
1393153787What happens in metaphase 1?chromosome pushed to the equator27
1393153788what happens in anaphase 1?Chromosomes are pushed apart28
1393153789What happens in telophase 1?Cytokinesis happens here (split)29
1393153790what happens in prophase 2?spindle reforms & attach to the sister chromotids30
1393153791what happens in metaphase 2?sisters pushed to the equator31
1393153792what happens in anaphase 2?sister chromotids are separated32
1393153793what happens in telophase 2?cells start splitting stages, nucleus reappears33
1393153794cytokinesis results in how many haploid cells?434
1393153795a scar/bump on the chromosome when they cross over is called what?chiasma35
1393153796Where does genetic variability happen at?in prophase 1 & metaphase 136
1393153797what is it called when sisters fail to split?nondisjunction37
1393153798what are white blood cells called?karotyping38
1393153799what are chromosomes?long, thing pieces of DNA39
1393153800In mitosis....Interphase. name the stepsG1, S phase, G240
1393153801What happens in G1?Cell grows41
1393153804What happens in S Phase?replicates DNA42
1393153805What happens in G2?stock piling nutrients.. ready to split43
1393153806How many chromosomes do we get from mom and dad?23 from each parent44
1393153807What are all cells in our body called except egg & sperm?Diploid cells45
1393153808What happens in prophase in mitosis?spindle shows up46
1393153809What is the spindle made up of?centrioles & microtubles47
1393153810When the sisters are joined the chromosomes are called what?chromotids48
1393153811all sisters are held together at a point called what?centromere49
1393153812When the spindle is hooked to the chromosome it is called what?kinetochore50
1393153813What do all cells start out as?Stem cells51
1393153814Binary fission.. Step 1?Circular DNA attaches to membrane52
1393153815Step 2 in binary fission?DNA Replicates53

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