3385897952 | Nucleus | A membranous organelle that is the genetic control center of the cell | 0 | |
3385898284 | Cytoskeleton | A supportive network of fibers (microtubles, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments) | 1 | |
3385901058 | Lysosomes | Digestive Enzymes inside of a membranous sac, produced collaboratively by the ER and Golgi Apparatus | 2 | |
3385902169 | Nuclear Envelope | Double membrane perforated with pores called nuclear pores, connected to rough ER. | 3 | |
3385903625 | Chloroplast | Enclosed by two membranes. Internal parts include thylakoids, granum, and stroma. Found in cytoplasm. | 4 | |
3385904536 | Cell Wall | Made up of tough fibrous carbohydrate that forms the outer boundary of cell. Provides support. | 5 | |
3385905279 | Vacuoles | Membranous sacs filled with water, waste, and nutrients, and also adds to support in plants. | 6 | |
3385906015 | Mitochondria | Organelles that convert sugar into energy in the form of ATP. | 7 | |
3385906671 | Ribosomes | Produced by the nucleolus out of RNA fragments | 8 | |
3385907608 | Endoplasmic Reticulum | Produces its own membrane, finalizes the production of protein and secrets them in transport vesicles. | 9 | |
3385908384 | Nucleolus | Spherical mass of RNA and proteins in the nucleus that produces ribosomes. | 10 | |
3385909278 | Golgi Apparatus | Stacks of flattened membranous sacs. One end receives transport vesicles and the other end ships out vesicles containing completed product. | 11 | |
3385910584 | Chromatin | Unwound DNA found in nucleus, hereditary code for the production of proteins. | 12 | |
3385913010 | Nucleotide | Concentrated mass of genetic material in bacteria. Region where the cells DNA is located (not enclosed by a membrane). | 13 | |
3385917104 | Pili | Attachment structures on the surface of some prokaryotes | 14 | |
3385923346 | Capsule | Jelly- like outer coating of many prokaryotes. | 15 | |
3385926723 | Plasma/Cell Membrane | Membrane enclosing the cytoplasm | 16 | |
3385927264 | Cellulose | Used for structure/support in plant cells, also used for carbohydrate storage. | 17 | |
3385929351 | Peroxisome | An organelle that is not part of the endomembrane system but is involved in various metabolic functions, including the breakdown of fatty acids to be used as fuel and the detoxification of alcohol and other harmful substances. | 18 | |
3385933714 | Cristae | Mitochondria fold. It increases the membranes surface area, enhancing the mitochondria's ability to produce ATP | 19 | |
3385935792 | Stroma | Thick fluid which contains the chloroplast's DNA and ribosomes as well as many enzymes | 20 | |
3385937729 | Thylakoids | A network of interconnected sacs inside the chloroplast. | 21 | |
3385940503 | Granum | Thylakoids are stacked like poker chips, which are called ____________. It is also chloroplasts solar power packs- the site where the green chlorophyll molecules embedded in their membranes trap solar power. | 22 | |
3385944650 | Endosymbiosis | A theory that proposes that mitochondria and chloroplast were formerly small prokaryotes that began living within larger cells. | 23 | |
3385945294 | Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) | This layer helps hold cells together in tissues and protects and supports the plasma membrane. It has a main component of glycoproteins. | 24 | |
3385950631 | Tight Junction | The membranes of neighboring cells are very tightly pressed against each other, knit together by proteins. Prevents leakage of extracellular fluid across a layer epithelial cells. | 25 | |
3385953820 | Anchoring Junctions | Intermediate filaments made of sturdy keratin proteins anchor these junctions in the cytoplasm. Common in tissues subject to stretching or mechanical stress, such as skin and heart muscles. | 26 | |
3385956671 | Gap Junctions | (Also called communicating junctions). Channels that allow small molecules to flow through protein-lined pores between neighboring cells. | 27 | |
3386133541 | Smooth ER | Important in the synthesis of lipids, including oils, phospholipids, and steroids. | 28 | |
3386134738 | Rough ER | One of the functions is to make more membrane by adding proteins and phospholipids. Ribosomes are attached to its surface, and the ribosomes produces the proteins that are modified and packaged in transport vesicles. | 29 | |
3386139267 | Centriole | Helps with cell division in animal cells, and are involved in organizing microtubles in the cytoplasm. | 30 | |
3386143889 | Plasmodesma | Microscopic channel across the cell wall of a plant cell. It allows transport and communication between neighboring cells. | 31 | |
3386145087 | Chromoplasts | Colored plastids other than green and found in colored parts of plants such as the petals. Due to the presence of carotenoid pigments, they are orange, yellow, or red in color. | 32 | |
3386152124 | Tonoplast | The membrane of the vacuole. | 33 | |
3386154433 | Lysosome | Consists of digestive enzymes enclosed in a membranous sac. The enzymes are made by rough ER and then transferred to the Golgi Apparatus for further processing. | 34 | |
3386155236 | Microbody | Contain various enzymes not involved in digestion | 35 | |
3386156598 | Leucoplasts | Non-pigmented unlike chloroplast, and their main function is storage of different food materials. | 36 | |
3386158421 | Microfilaments | Help support the cells shape. It is one of the 3 kinds of fiber that make up the cytoskeleton. They are also involved in cell movement. | 37 | |
3386159549 | Hyaloplasm | Structure less fluid making up the rest of the cytoplasm. | 38 |
Campbell Biology Sixth Edition: Chapter 4 - A Tour of the Cell Flashcards
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