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| a philosophy dedicated to discovering the Creator's plan by studying nature | ||
| the branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying the diverse forms of life | ||
| relics or impressions of organisms from the past | ||
| how most fossils are formed; sand and mud that settles to the bottom of seas, lakes, and marshes. | ||
| study of fossils | ||
| speculating that each boundary between strata drought, that had destroyed many of the species living there at that time | ||
| profound change is the cumulative product of slow but continuous processes | ||
| Lyell's idea that geologic processes have not changed throughout Earth's history | ||
| a phrase that condenses Darwin's view of life | ||
| the breeding of domesticated plants and animals | ||
| similarity in characteristics resulting from common ancestry | ||
| similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor | ||
| historical remnants of structures that had important functions in ancestors | ||
| geographic distribution of species | ||
| species that are found nowhere else in the world | ||
| emphasizes the extensive genetic variation within populations and recognizes the importance of quantitative characters | ||
| a comprehensive theory of evolution that integrates discoveries and ideas from many different fields, including paleontology, taxonomy, biogeography, and, of course, population genetics | ||
| a localized group of individuals belonging to the same species | ||
| group of populations whose individuals have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature | ||
| total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time | ||
| the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population's gene pool remain constant over the generations unless acted upon by agents other than Mendalian segregation and recombination of alleles | ||
| A population that matches the following five main conditions: very large population size, no migration, no net mutations, random mating, and no natural selection | ||
| evolution on the smallest scale | ||
| a change in population's allele frequencies due to chance | ||
| a drastic reduction in population size | ||
| genetic drift in a new colony | ||
| differential success in reproduction | ||
| genetic exchange due to the migration of fertile individuals or gametes between populations | ||
| change in an organism's DNA | ||
| two or more distinct morphs are each represented in high enough frequencies to be readily noticeable | ||
| measures the average percentage of gene loci that are heterozygous | ||
| comparing the nucleotide sequences of DNA samples from two individuals then pooling the data from many such comparisons of two individuals | ||
| differences in gene pools between populations or subgroups of populations | ||
| a graded change in some trait along a geographic axis | ||
| the ability of natural selection to maintain stable frequencies of two or more phenotypic forms in a population | ||
| Individuals who are heterozygous at a particular locus have greater survivorship and reproductive success than any type of homozygote | ||
| the survivial and reproduction of any one morph declines if that phenotypic form becomes too common in the population | ||
| confer no selective advantage for some individuals over others | ||
| the contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation relative to the contributions of other individuals | ||
| the contribution of a genotype to the next generation compared to the contributions of alternative genotypes for the same locus | ||
| when members of a population migrate to some new habitat with different environmental conditions | ||
| environmental conditions are varied in a way that favors individuals on both extremes of a phenotypic range over intermediate phenotypes | ||
| acts against extreme phenotypes and favors the more common intermediate variants | ||
| marked differences that are not directly associated with reproduction | ||
| direct competition among individuals of one sex for mates of the opposite sex |
