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| 7749890561 | Catabolism | Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy |  | 0 |
| 7749890562 | Anabolism | Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy. |  | 1 |
| 7749890563 | Enthalpy | total energy | 2 | |
| 7749890564 | Entropy | total disorder |  | 3 |
| 7749890565 | Exergonic | Releases energy |  | 4 |
| 7749890566 | Endergonic | Energy consumed, aborbed |  | 5 |
| 7749890567 | ATP structure | adenine(nitrogenous base), ribose(5 carbon sugar), 3 phosphate groups |  | 6 |
| 7749890568 | The Cycle of ATP | Endergonic (energy made) ATP Made Hydrolysis of ATP Exergonic (energy loss) ADP + Pi *starts over* |  | 7 |
| 7749890569 | OIL RIG | Oxidation Is Lost (loss of electrons) Reduction Is Gained (gain of electrons) | 8 | |
| 7749890570 | General equation for cell respiration | C6H12O6 + 6H2O --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) |  | 9 |
| 7749890571 | phosphorylation reaction | phosphate from ATP transfer energy to glucose, requires enzyme (kinase) | 10 | |
| 7749890572 | cell respiration | glucose oxidized to release carbon dioxide oxygen reduced to release water requires enzymes |  | 11 |
| 7749890573 | Aerobic Respiration | glycolysis, then in the presence of OXYGEN conversion to Acetyl COA, krebs cycle, ETC: oxidation phosphorylation |  | 12 |
| 7749890574 | Anaerobic Respiration | glycolysis then without oxygen available fermentation occurs (only make substrate level phosphorylation 2 ATP total) |  | 13 |
| 7749890575 | glycolysis takes place in | cytoplasm |  | 14 |
| 7749890576 | Acetyl CoA | pyruvate oxidized into __________ ________ |  | 15 |
| 7749890577 | Oxidative phosphorylation | produces 32-34 ATP, due to chemiosmosis (large production of ATP in Electron Transport Chain) |  | 16 |
| 7749890578 | Glycolysis | glucose broken down into 2 pyruvate NAD reduced to 2 NADH made and transferred to mitochondria forms 2 net ATP occurs in cytoplasm | 17 | |
| 7749890579 | Krebs cycle- Citric Acid Cycle | complete oxidation of glucose to release CO2, produces energy for ETC in the form of 6NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP (after two turns of cycle) | | 18 |
| 7749890580 | Electron Transport Chain (ETC) in cellular respiration | electrons from NADH, FADH2 move to Oxygen to produce water protons pumped into inner membrane space where ATP synthase moves them down their concentration gradient to produce ATP |  | 19 |
| 7749890581 | Chemiosmosis | energy couplin mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of an H+ gradient across a membrane to drive ATP synthesis |  | 20 |
| 7749890582 | Alcoholic Fermentation | regenerate NAD+, reduce pyruvate end result - ethanol & CO2, ex) bacteria, fungi, plants |  | 21 |
| 7749890583 | O2- Oxygen gas | Final electron acceptor in ETC of Cell Resp Product when water is spilt in the light reactions | 22 | |
| 7749890584 | substrate level phosphorylation | A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle (Transferring a phosphate directly to ADP from another molecule) |  | 23 |
| 7749890585 | oxidative phosphorylation | Production of 32-34 ATP via ETC and chemiosmosis (ATP made from redux reactions) | | 24 |
| 7749890586 | chloroplasts | Site of photosythesis |  | 25 |
| 7749890587 | equation for photosynthesis | 6CO2 + 6H2O + solar energy ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |  | 26 |
| 7749890588 | Light Reactions | The energy-capturing reactions in photosynthesis that split water and harness photons of light in electrons that are carried via NADPH and produce energy ATP via electron transport chain embedded in thylakoid membrane |  | 27 |
| 7749890589 | Calvin Cycle | High energy electrons from NADPH, H reduce CO2 to produce G3P in a series of steps using the enzyme RUBISCO. (2 turns produce 2 G3P) occurs in stroma |  | 28 |
| 7749890590 | pigments important for photosynthesis | chlorophyl a and b, carotenoids |  | 29 |
| 7749890591 | ATP made in Electron Transport Chain in photosynthesis | light absorbed, electrons transferred from photosystem 2 to 1, ETC pumps protons into thylakoid, protons diffuse through ATP synthase into stroma where a phosphate is added to ADP to form ATP, NADPH accepts electrons to move the energy to the calvin cycle |  | 30 |
| 7749890592 | G3P- glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate | is a product of Calvin Cycle can be made into Glucose, Cellulose, Starch or any carbohydrate |  | 31 |
| 7749890595 | Enzyme | Biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy |  | 32 |
| 7750427590 | Activation energy | Energy required to start a reaction |  | 33 |
| 7750440586 | CAM plants | open their stomata at night, incorporating CO2 into organic acids. This allows them to conserve water and not lose as much through transpiration. | 34 | |
| 7750459146 | Lactic Acid Fermentation | in the absence of oxygen will oxidze pyruvate in lactic acid and produce NADH (happens in our muscle cells) |  | 35 |
| 7750480635 | CO2 Carbon Dioxide | -Product of Glucose being oxidized in Citric Acid Cycle -3 of them can be fixed into G3P which can be made into glucose | 36 | |
| 7750513828 | H2O Water | -Is split in the light reactions of photosynthesis by photosystem 2 -Is a product of cellular respiration when O2 accepts H from electron carriers NADH and FADH2 | 37 | |
| 7750603788 | Thylakoid | Site of Light Reactions in photosynthesis |  | 38 |
| 7750603789 | Stroma | Site of Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis |  | 39 |
| 7750612896 | Thylakoid membrane | Photosystems are embedded in this as well as ATP synthase | 40 | |
| 7750619193 | Photosystems in Thylakoid membrane | Contain light harnessing pigments | 41 |
