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Cell Structure and Function Vocabulary Practice Flashcards

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7513076090Cell TheoryTheory that states that all living organisms are made of cells; all cells are produced by other living cells, and the cell is the most basic unit of life0
7513094564CytoplasmSubstance in cells that contains molecules and in some cell organelles1
7513159538Cell WallRigid structure that gives protection, support, and shape to cells in plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria.2
7513196608Cell MembraneDouble layer of phospholipids that form a boundary between a cell and the surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.3
7513283047Concentration GradientDifference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another4
7513302746CentrioleSmall Cylinder shaped organelle made of protein tubes arranged in a circle; aids mitosis5
7513342312ChloroplastOrganelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy; contains chlorophyll6
7513377921CytoskeletonNetwork of proteins, such as microtubules and microfilaments, inside a eukaryotic cell that supports and shapes the cell7
7513443124DiffusionMovement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration8
7513511574Active TransportEnergy-requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration9
7513631221Eukaryotic CellCell that has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles10
7513651152Endoplasmic ReticulumInterconnected network of thin, folded membranes that produce, process, and distribute proteins11
7513666160EndocytosisUptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane12
7513687207Facilitated DiffusionDiffusion of molecules assisted by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane13
7513694221Fluid Mosaic ModelModel that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane14
7513719705Golgi ApparatusStack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins15
7513735412HypertonicSolution that has higher concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution16
7513753095HypotonicSolution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution17
7513763608IsotonicSolution that has an equal concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution18
7513783803LysosomeOrganelle that contains enzymes19
7513798920MitochondrionBean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA20
7513816853NucleusOrganelle composed of a double membrane that acts as the storehouse for most of a cell's DNA21
7513832572OsmosisDiffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration22
7513846363OrganelleMembrane-bound structure that is specialized to preform a distinct process within a cell23
7513862066Passive TransportMovement of molecules across the cell membrane without energy input from the cell24
7513881840PhospholipidMolecule that forms a double-layered cell membrane; consists of a glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acids25
7513911161PhagocytosisUptake of a solid particle into a cell by engulfing the particle;____ endocytosis26
7513927930Prokaryotic CellCell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles27
7513941797RibosomeOrganelle that links amino acids together to form proteins28
7513952653ReceptorProtein that detects a signal molecule and preforms an action in response29
7513975508Selective PermeabilityCondition or quality of allowing some, but not all, materials to cross a barrier or membrane30
7513993764VacuoleOrganelle that is used to store materials such as water, food, or enzymes, that are needed by a cell31
7514006338VesicleSmall organelle that contains and transports materials within the cytoplasm32
7514027144endoinside33
7514027201exooutside34
7514033718phagoeating35
7514036582cytocell36
7514040023hyperover, above37
7514043213hypobelow38
7514045644lysloosen39
7514049374-plastsmall body40
7514053693chlorogreen41
7514062859iso-equal42
7514066051-toniastate of43

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