Terms related to passive & acitive transport
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| 5395777716 | Diffusion | Movement of particles or molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |  | 0 |
| 5395777717 | Osmosis | Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |  | 1 |
| 5395777718 | Selectively pemeable membrane | A membrane that allows certain materials to pass through, but not others | 2 | |
| 5395777720 | Equilibrium | The condition that exists in system when there is a relatively equal distribution of a particular molecule | 3 | |
| 5395777726 | Cell Membrane | regulates and controls what enters or leaves the cell |  | 4 |
| 5395777727 | Facilitated Diffusion | Use of carrier PROTEINS for diffusion, does not require energy for a molecule to travel across the membrane Moves molecules from high to low solute concentration |  | 5 |
| 5395777728 | Active Transport | movement of molecules or ion into or out of the cell against its concentration gradient (from low to high) and requires an input of energy. | 6 | |
| 5395777729 | Endocytosis | movement of substances into the cell by creating a new vacuole at the cell membrane. requires energy. | 7 | |
| 5395777730 | Exocytosis | movement of substances out of a cell by merging a vacuole with the cell membrane. requires energy. | 8 | |
| 5395777731 | Hypertonic | the left side is _____ compared to the right side. |  | 9 |
| 5395777732 | Hypotonic | The right side is _____ compared to the left side. | | 10 |
| 5395777733 | right, left, osmosis | Water will move from the _____ to the _____ by _____. | | 11 |
| 5395777734 | Hypotonic | The left side is _____ compared to the right side. |  | 12 |
| 5395777735 | Hypertonic | The right side is _____ compared to the left side. | | 13 |
| 5395777736 | left, right, osmosis | Water will move from the _____ to the _____ by _____. | | 14 |
| 5395777737 | Cell Membrane | Composed of a phospholipid bilayer | 15 | |
| 5395777738 | Phospholipid | molecule that makes up cell membranes. It has a hydrophilic "head" and two hydrophobic "tails". | 16 | |
| 5395777739 | Hydrophilic | water loving. substances that easily mix with water. | 17 | |
| 5395777740 | Hydrophobic | water hating. substances that will not mix with water. | 18 | |
| 5395777741 | Transport Protein | Proteins within the cell membrane that function to move substances into or out of the cell. | 19 | |
| 5395777742 | Passive Transport | molecules move with the concentration gradient from high to low concentration NO energy required. | 20 | |
| 5395777743 | Types of Passive Transport | Diffusion, Osmosis and Facilitated Diffusion | 21 | |
| 5395777744 | Types of Active Transport | Endocytosis (phagocytosis and pinocytosis) Exocytosis, and Protein Pumps - Lower Concentration to Higher Concentration | 22 | |
| 5395777746 | phagocytosis | "Cell eating" a type of endocytosis in which large particulate substances or small organisms are taken up by a cell. It's carried out by some protists and by certain immune cells of animals. |  | 23 |
| 5395777747 | pinocytosis | Cellular "drinking"; a type of endocytosis in which the cell takes fluid and dissolved solutes into small membranous vesicles. |  | 24 |
| 5395777748 | fluid mosaic model | the currently accepted model of cell membrane structure, which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids. |  | 25 |
| 5395777750 | peripheral protein | a protein loosely bound to surface of a membrane or to part of an integral protein and not embedded in the lipid bilayer |  | 26 |
| 5395777751 | plasmolysis | a phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall; occurs when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment |  | 27 |
| 5395777752 | ion channels | a transmembrane protein channel that allows a specific ion to diffuse across the membrane down its concentration or electrochemical gradient. |  | 28 |
| 5395777754 | sodium-potassium pump | a transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that actively transports 3 sodium out of the cell an 2 potassium into the cell |  | 29 |
| 5395777755 | concentration gradient | a region along which the density of a chemical substance increases or decreases. |  | 30 |
| 5395777756 | transport protein | an embedded protein that helps a certain type of substance to cross the membrane |  | 31 |
| 5395777757 | diffusion | the movement of a substance down its concentration, from a region where it is more concentrated to a region where it is less concentrated. | | 32 |
| 5395777759 | passive transport | the diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane with no expenditure of energy |  | 33 |
| 5395777760 | osmosis | the diffusion of water across a membrane |  | 34 |
| 5395777761 | facilitated diffusion | the passage of molecules down their concentration gradient across a membrane with the assistance of specific transport proteins, requiring no energy expenditure. | | 35 |
| 5395777762 | active transport | the movement of a substance across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient, through specific transport proteins and requiring ATP |  | 36 |
| 5395777763 | exocytosis | the secretion of molecules by the fusion of vesicles containing them with the plasma membrane. |  | 37 |
| 5395777764 | endocytosis | cellular uptake of molecules & particles by the formation of vesicles from the plasma membrane. |  | 38 |
| 5395777765 | phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipid molecules that form membranes in cells |  | 39 |
| 5395777766 | hydrophobic | the tail of a phospholipid molecule that is repelled by water |  | 40 |
| 5395777767 | hydrophilic | the head of a phospholipid molecule that is attracted to water |  | 41 |
| 5395777768 | carrier protein | transport proteins in which only one end at a time is open to the molecule |  | 42 |
| 5395777769 | channel protein | transport proteins which form an open channel for specific molecules to pass; both ends open at once |  | 43 |
| 5395777770 | ATP | the molecule that provides energy for cellular processes by breaking a bond |  | 44 |
| 5395777771 | cholesterol | a packing molecule important in cell membranes |  | 45 |
| 5395777772 | sodium-potassium pump | A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients. | | 46 |
| 5395777775 | hypotonic solution | contains less solute concentration than the cell; water will tend to enter the cell and swell it |  | 47 |
| 5395777776 | hypertonic solution | when a cell is placed in a solution and the concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than it is inside |  | 48 |
| 5395777777 | isotonic solution | A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution |  | 49 |
| 5395777779 | solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solution. | 50 | |
| 5395777780 | solvent | In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves. | 51 | |
| 5395777781 | turgor pressure | the pressure that is exerted on the inside of cell walls and that is caused by the movement of water into the cell |  | 52 |
