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CH.13 AP World History Flashcards

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5816446754Durbarelaborate display of political power and wealth in British Indian the nineteenth century, ostensibly in imitation of the pageantry of the Mughal Empire0
5816446755Dona Marinaoriginally called Malintzin: born about 1500 in central Mexica with Nahuatl as her native language; became fluent in Maya during her travels....helped Hernan Cortes communicate with the Nahuatl-speaking peoples of central Mexico; in 1522, she gave birth to a son fathered by Cortes and in 1526, she had a daughter to a Spanish captain that she married and learned Spanish; she died in 1527 during labor1
5816446756Hernan Cortes(1485-1547) Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico2
5816446757Atahualpa (page 621)last emperor of the Inca Empire, spent majority of life in captivity....the Inca empire raised large ransom for his return, after it was paid he was executed3
5816446758Huascar (page 621)After Huayna Capac died; there was a civil war between his two sons. He was older brother and was heir to the throne// fought brother in civil war for leader of Inca, killed shortly before Pizarro's arrival4
5816446759Great Dying (page 622)explorers and conquistadors from New World brought diseases with them that the Native Americans had no immunity to. 60-80 million Native Americans died from these diseases.........caused social breakdown of Native American societies5
5816446760Small Pox (page 622)infectious disease that began in Europe and spread to the Americas through conquest AKA: "Cotton Pox", "Cow Pox", "Milk Pox", "White Pox", "Cuban Itch"6
5816446761American stimulants7
5816446762Colombian Exchange (page 624)exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages8
5816446763Mercantilism (page 626)economic system to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests9
5816446764Encomienda (page 627)institution where recruitment of labor came through; gave Spanish settlers (encomenderos) right to work in their mines/fields but also the responsibility of looking after worker's health and welfare and encourage conversion to Christianity10
5816446765Repartimiento (page 627)colonial forced labor system imposed upon indigenous population of Spanish America and the Philippines11
5816446766Hacienda (page 627)Rural estates in Spanish colonies in New World; produced agricultural products for consumers in America=basis of wealth and power for local aristocracy12
5816446767Peonsemployed native workers and owned large estates. . .these people worked the estates enjoyed little control over their lives13
5816446768PeninsularesPeople who are born in Spain; mercantile groups who had less prestigious occupations14
5816446769CreolesSpaniards that owned land and were born in the Americas; resented the pretensions to superiority of Peninsulares15
5816446770MestizoIt was a mixed-race population, mix of Spanish men and Native American women16
5816446771Castesseparate groups that mixed race people were divided into17
5816446772IndiansIndigenous people that were at the bottom of Mexican and Peruvian colonial societies; traumatized by "the great dying" and were subject to abuse and exploitation as primary labor source for the mines and estates of the Spanish Empire and were required to render tribute payments to their Spanish overlords18
5816446773MulattoesPeople of mixed white and black ancestry, especially a person with one white and one black parent19
5816446774Siberiavast territory that is now central and eastern Russia. It is unsuited for agriculture but rich in minerals and fur-bearing animals20
5816446775"Soft Gold". . . of furbearing animals (pelts were in great demand on the world market) drew the Russians across Siberia21
5816446776Yasak"tribute," paid in cash or in kind. In Siberia, this meant enormous quantities of furs, especially the extremely valuable sable, which Siberian peoples were compelled to produce.22
5816446777Cossacksgroup of predominantly East Slavic-speaking people who became known as members of democratic, self-governing, semi-military communities, predominantly located in Ukraine and in Russia23
5816446778RussifiedMade Russian in character24
5816446779"Window on the West"St. Petersburg, Russia25
5816446780QingRuling dynasty of China from 1644-1912. The Qing rulers were from Manchuria who had conquered China26
5816446781Mughal EmpireOne of the most successful empires of India. Founded by Muslim Turks that were noted for trying to connect Hindus and Muslims27
5816446782AkbarThe most famous Mughal emperor. Noted for being religiously tolerant28
5816446783Satithe former Hindu practice of a widow throwing herself onto her husband's funeral pyre29
5816446784Nur Jahanthe twentieth but most beloved, and therefore most important consort of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir30
5816446785House of WorshipThe Bahá'í House of Worship for North America. A Symbol of the Oneness of Humanity31
5816446786AurangzebAbu'l Muzaffar Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir, commonly known as Aurangzeb, was the sixth, and widely considered the last effective Mughal Emperor32
5816446787Ottoman EmpireMajor Islamic state that centered on Anatolia. Took over the Balkans, the Near East, and much of North Africa33
5816446788SultanA Muslim sovereign34
58164467891453Fall of Constantinople was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by an invading army of the Ottoman Empire on 29 May 145335
5816446790Devshirmetribute of boys levied by the Ottoman Empire from the Christians in the Balkans. Boys were raised in the infantry or civil administration36
5816446791Terror of the TurkEuropeans' fear of an Islamic takeover of all Europe37
5816446792Siege of ViennaBattle of Khe Sanh was conducted in Republic of Vietnam, between 21 January and 9 July 1968 during the Vietnam War38

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