The West
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| 269729360 | Christopher Columbus | Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506) | 0 | |
| 269729361 | Ferdinand Magellan | Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world. | 1 | |
| 269729362 | East India Companies | British, French, and Dutch trading companies that obtained government monopolies of trade to India and Asia; acted independently in their regions. | 2 | |
| 269729363 | Colombian Exchange | the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas and Europe, Asia, and Africa | 3 | |
| 269729364 | Lepanto | Naval battle between Spain and the Ottoman Empire resulting in Spanish victory in 1571; demonstrated European naval superiority over Muslims. | 4 | |
| 269729365 | Core Nations | Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping; exported manufactured goods for raw materials. | 5 | |
| 269729366 | dependent economic zones | Regions within the world economy that produced raw materials. forced and cheap labor | 6 | |
| 269729367 | Vasco de Balboa | First Spanish captain to begin settlement on Mesoamerica in 1509 | 7 | |
| 269729368 | Treaty of Paris | Signed by Britain and USA stated that the US was a free and Independent nation | 8 | |
| 269729369 | Cape Colony | Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652. station for Dutch settlement near Bantu | 9 | |
| 269729372 | Boers | Dutch settlers in south Africa | 10 | |
| 269729374 | Calcutta | British East India company Headquarters in Bengal, india. Captured in 1756 in the Seven years War | 11 | |
| 269729376 | Seven Years War | Fought both in continental Europe and in American colonies between 1756 and 1763. reslutant in Prussian seizures of land in Austria and English land in India and North America | 12 | |
| 269729379 | Cape of Good Hope | Southern tip of Africa circumnavigated in 1488 by protuguese en route to India | 13 | |
| 269729381 | Mercantilism | the theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys | 14 | |
| 269729383 | mestizos | person of mixed Native American and European descent | 15 | |
| 269729386 | Francisco Pizarro | Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541) | 16 | |
| 269729388 | John Locke | This English philosopher argued that all men were born with natural rights and that a government's purpose was to protect these rights | 17 | |
| 269952777 | Ibn-Rushd (Averroes) | Muslim philosopher who blended Aristotle and Plato's views with Islam (reason and faith) | 18 | |
| 269952778 | Ming Dynasty | Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China. | 19 | |
| 269952779 | Zhenghe | Chinese Muslim admiral who commanded a series of expeditions to the Indian ocean, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea between 1405 and 1433. | 20 | |
| 269952780 | Renaissance | The great period of rebirth in art, literature, and learning in the 14th-16th centuries, which marked the transition into the modern periods of European history | 21 | |
| 269952781 | Portugal, Castile and Aragon | Regional Iberian kingdoms; participated in reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims; developed a vigorous military and religious agenda. | 22 | |
| 269952782 | Francesco Petrarch | father of Renaissance Humanism.lived from 1304-1374 committed his life to humanistic pursuits and careful study of the classics. He resisted writing in the Italian vernacular except for his sonnets, which were composed to his "lady love" who spoke no Latin. | 23 | |
| 269952783 | Vivaldi brothers | Two Genoese brothers who attempted to find a Western route to the "Indies"; disappeared in 1291; precursors of thrust into southern Atlantic | 24 | |
| 269952784 | Vasco da Gama | the first European (Portuguese) to reach India by sea sailing around the tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope) Opened a major trading port | 25 | |
| 269952785 | Henry the Navigator | (1394-1460) Portuguese prince who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa. | 26 | |
| 269952786 | Ethnocentrism | belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group | 27 |
