Biology Campbell 9th edition Vocabulary
Terms : Hide Images
| 1239275640 | vertebrates | A chordate animal with a backbone, including sharks and rays, ray-finned fishes, coelacanths, lungfishes, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals | 0 | |
| 1239275641 | chordates | Member of the phylum Chordata, animals that at some point during there development have a notochord; dorsal, hollow nerve cord; pharyngeal slits and cleft; and a muscular post-anal-tail. |  | 1 |
| 1239275642 | notochord | A longitudinal, flexible rod made of tightly packed mesodermal cells that runs along the anterior-posterior axis of a chordate in the dorsal part of the body. |  | 2 |
| 1239275643 | pharyngeal clefts | In chordate embryos, grooves that separate a series of pouches along the sides of the pharynx and may develop into pharyngeal slits. |  | 3 |
| 1239275644 | pharyngeal slits | In chordate embryos, one of the slits that form from the pharyngeal clefts and communicate to the outside, later developing into gill slits in many vertebrates. |  | 4 |
| 1239275645 | lancelets | Member of the clade Cephalochordata, small blade shaped marine chordate that lack a backbone. |  | 5 |
| 1239275646 | tunicates | Members of the subphylum Urochordata, sessile marine chordates that lack a backbone. |  | 6 |
| 1239275647 | craniates | A chordate with a head |  | 7 |
| 1239275648 | neural crest | In vertebrates, a band of cells along the border where the neural tube pinches off from the ectoderm; the cells migrate to various parts of the embryo and form the pigment cells in the skin, bones of the skull, the teeth, the adrenal glands, and parts of the peripheral nervous system. |  | 8 |
| 1239275649 | conodonts | An early, soft-bodied vertebrate with prominent eyes and dental elements |  | 9 |
| 1239275650 | gnathostomes | Jawed vertebrates | 10 | |
| 1239275651 | lateral line system | A mechanoreceptor system consisting of a series of pores and receptor units (neuromasts) along the sides of the body of fishes and aquatic amphibians; detects water movements made by an animal itself and by other moving objects |  | 11 |
| 1239275652 | placoderms | A member of an extinct class of fishlike vertebrates that had jaws and were enclosed in a tough, outer armor |  | 12 |
| 1239275653 | acanthodians | Any of a group of ancient jawed aquatic vertebrates from the Silurian and Devonian periods |  | 13 |
| 1239275654 | chondrichthyans | member of the class Chondrichthyes, vertebrates with skeletons made mostly of cartilage, such as sharks and rays |  | 14 |
| 1239275655 | oviparous | term used to refer to animals whose eggs hatch outside the mother's body |  | 15 |
| 1239275656 | ovoviviparous | Referring to a type of development in which young hatch from eggs that are retained in the mother's uterus. |  | 16 |
| 1239275657 | viviparous | Referring to a type of development in which the young are born alive after having been nourished in the uterus by blood from the placenta. |  | 17 |
| 1239275658 | cloaca | a common opening for the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts found in many nonmammalian vertebrates but in few mammals |  | 18 |
| 1239275659 | osteichthyans | member of a vertebrate subgroup with jaws and mostly bony skeletons |  | 19 |
| 1239275660 | operculum | In aquatic osteichthyans, a protective bony flap that covers and protects the gills. |  | 20 |
| 1239275661 | swim bladder | In aquatic osteichthyans an air-filled sac near the spinal column in many fishes that helps maintain buoyancy |  | 21 |
| 1239275662 | amphibians | Member of the tetrapod class Amphibia includes salamanders, frogs, and caecilians |  | 22 |
| 1239275663 | amniotes | A member of a clade of tetrapod's named for a key derived character, and the amniotic egg, which contains specialized membranes, including the fluid filled amnion, that protect the embryo. Amniotes include mammals as well as birds and other reptiles. |  | 23 |
| 1239275664 | amniotic egg | A shelled, water-retaining egg that enables reptiles, birds, and egg-laying mammals to complete their life cycles on dry land |  | 24 |
| 1239275665 | reptile | A member of clade of amniotes that includes snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodilians, and birds. | 25 | |
| 1239275666 | ectothermic | When animals have to find other sources to regulate there body temperature |  | 26 |
| 1239275667 | endothermic | Regulated by heat is generated internally by a animals metabolism. it maintains a stable body temperature higher that of a external environment. |  | 27 |
| 1239275668 | parareptiles | First major group of reptiles to emerge, mostly large, stocky quadrupedal herbivores; died out in the late Triassic period |  | 28 |
| 1239275669 | diapsids | members of an amniote clade distinguished by a pair of holes on each side of the skull, including the lepidosaurs and archosaurs |  | 29 |
| 1239275670 | lepidosaurs | The reptilian group that includes lizards, snakes, and two species of New Zealand animals called tuataras. | 30 | |
| 1239275671 | archosaurs | The reptilian group that includes crocodiles, alligators, dinosaurs, and birds. |  | 31 |
| 1239275672 | pterosaurs | Winged reptiles that lived during Mesozoic |  | 32 |
| 1239275674 | dinosaurs | An extremely diverse group of ancient reptiles varying in body shape, size, and habitat. Birds are the only extant dinosaurs | 33 | |
| 1239275676 | theropods | Member of a group of dinosaurs that were bipedal carnivores |  | 34 |
| 1239275678 | ratites | The group of flightless birds. |  | 35 |
| 1239275680 | mammals | Member of the class mammalia, amniotes that have there hair and mammary glands (glands that produce milk) | 36 | |
| 1239275682 | synapsids | members of the amniote clade distinguished by a single hole on each side of the skull; include mammals | 37 | |
| 1239275684 | monotremes | An egg-laying mammal, such as a platypus and echidna. Like all mammals, Monotremes have hair and produce milk, but lack nipples |  | 38 |
| 1239275686 | marsupials | A mammal, such as a koala, kangaroo, or opossum, whose young complete their embryonic development inside a maternal pouch called the marsupium |  | 39 |
| 1239275688 | placenta | A structure in the pregnant uterus for nourishing a viviparous fetus with the mother's blood supply; formed from the uterine lining and embryonic membranes. |  | 40 |
| 1239275690 | eutherians | Placental mammal; mammal whose young complete their embryonic development within the uterus, joined to the mother by the placenta. | 41 | |
| 1239275693 | opposable thumbs | can touch the ventral surface of all four fingers |  | 42 |
| 1239275695 | anthropoids | A member of a primate group made up the apes (gibbons, orangutans gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos) monkeys and humans |  | 43 |
| 1239275697 | paleoanthropology | The study of human origins and evolution. | 44 | |
| 1239275699 | hominins | Member of a species on the human branch of the evolutionary tree. Hominins include Homo sapiens and our ancestors, a group of extinct species more closely related to humans than to chimpanzees |  | 45 |
