Terms : Hide Images
| 1236837087 | Gilded Age | This name was derived by Mark Twain, meaning that the country looked good but it was actually corrupt | |
| 1236837088 | Kill the buffalo | How do the Americans defeat the Indians? (other than superior technology) | |
| 1236837089 | Miners | They were the first group of people to settle west beginning in the 1850s; they populated from the Front Range (Denver) to the West Coast; railroads followed them; made successful by big bussiness | |
| 1236837090 | Battle of Little Big Horn | Both Chief Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull of the Sioux tribe led the Sioux to victory over Americans; kill everyone of the American men, including Custard (aka Custard's Last Stand) | |
| 1236837091 | Chief Joseph | He was the Chief of the Nez Perce Indians and was forced into a reservation. He became a nomad in resistance and him and his followers were caught near the Canadian border | |
| 1236837092 | Battle of Wounded Knee | This "battle" was a massacre of Indians in retaliation for Little Big Horn; last big battle of Indian Resistance | |
| 1236837093 | Dawes Act of 1887 | This Act forced the Indians to abandon their previous way of life; they wanted to break Indian culture so they can't rise up again; attempt to "Americanize" them | |
| 1236837094 | George Herst | From Missouri, owned a huge mine at Deadwood that mined gold for 100 year; he was ruthless and known to kill his workers | |
| 1236837095 | Cowboys | Took the Texas Longhorns from town to town; took them hundreds of miles to the nearest railroad; barb wire hurt their business; victim of their own success | |
| 1236837096 | Ranchers | After cowboys; did basically what cowboys did except closer because more railroads had been built; they were the big business | |
| 1236837097 | Mining Towns | Pikes Peak, Denver, Tombstone, Virginia City, Silver City, Comstock Lode, Boise, Helena (Last Chance Gulch), Esmeralda and Deadwood; when they were abandoned they became known as Ghost Towns | |
| 1236837098 | Cow Towns | Dodge City, Wichita, Abilene, Omaha, Denver, Helena and San Antonio | |
| 1236837099 | Farmers | these people wanted to raise families and waited to go west; they had to live in sot houses, needed a lot of kids; but it was better than living in the dirty cities | |
| 1236837100 | Homestead Act | Lincoln passed this to give anyone that wanted it 160 acres of land in the west; this land was poor and barely any of it was usable; very few people took it | |
| 1236837101 | Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 | the government gave every existing state 30 million acres of land out west that they could use for colleges or to sell; Cornell opened because of this | |
| 1236837102 | Joseph Glidden | Invented barbed wire | |
| 1236837103 | John Deer | Invented the steel plow | |
| 1236837104 | Cyrus McCormick | invented the reaper | |
| 1236837105 | Bonanza Farms | when the poor farmers could no longer afford their farms they would sell out to this big business farms | |
| 1236837106 | John Rockefeller | a robber baron; from the middle class in Cleveland; bought his fire oil refinery in 1865; ended up owning 90% of the worlds oil - richest person ever; used both vertical and horizontal integration; gave a lot of his money back to the city of NY | |
| 1236837107 | Trusts | This works by a smaller company giving control to a larger company and the larger company will give the smaller company some shares of the company; it creates a monopoly | |
| 1236837108 | Horizontal integration | buying all the companies in an industry | |
| 1236837109 | Vertical integration | buying everything that is involved in the manufacturing/selling of a product | |
| 1236837110 | Andrew Carnegie | He was from the lower class in Scotland (immigrant); a robber baron; he worked for Tom Scott (who owned the PA Company) and Scott became his mentor; Carnegie then created a steel company to create steel cost effectively; used vertical integration; invested in a college and a performing arts hall | |
| 1236837112 | J.P. Morgan | a robber baron; bought Carnegie's company for 500 mil; upper class banker; often invested in companies; helped pull the US out of a depression in 1895 and 1907; helped start the metropolitan art museum in NY | |
| 1236837114 | robber barons | an American capitalist who acquired a fortune in the late 19th century through ruthless means; often philanthropists | |
| 1236837116 | Massachusetts | First state the allowed Labor Unions in the 1840s | |
| 1236837118 | Rugged Individualism | This is what many saw as what makes the USA great - can't be great if you are depending on others | |
| 1236837120 | Unskilled Labor Strikes | The following are ____? B & O Railroad Strike; Homestead Strike (Carnegie, violent); Pullman Car Strike (violent); Haymarket Massacre; Molly Maquire's (irish coal miners; wanted better benefits; killed boss) | |
| 1236837121 | Knights of Labor | This was a Labor Union of unskilled laborers; it grew quickly and wanted 8 hour work days; better wages and working conditions; they opposed child labor; anti-immigrant; accepted women and minorities; ruined after the Haymarket Massacre | |
| 1236837122 | Terrance Powderly | Founded the Knights of Labor | |
| 1236837123 | Haymarket Massacre | this was led by the Knights of Labor (Albert Parsons) in Chicago; it was a problem because a lot of communists and anarchists came; someone threw a bomb and it just got worse from there | |
| 1236837124 | American Federation of Labor | Skilled Labor Union; wanted 8 hour work days, better pay and saver conditions; couldn't join if unskilled, black or a woman; had 3 million members by 1924; worked because it didn't have anything idealistic (i.e. no child labor) | |
| 1236837125 | Samuel Gompers | leader of the American Federation of Labor (AFL); he was a cigar maker, and made a Cigar maker Union 9 years before he made the AFL | |
| 1236837126 | Economic Liberalism | like laissez-faire capitalism; no gov't involved; most of the economic decisions are made by individuals | |
| 1236837127 | Gilded Age Capitalism | gov't plays a large role in the economy; gov't invested in railroads and other big businesses; few elements of laissez-faire | |
| 1236837128 | Plutocracy | gov't by wealth; gov't in the hands of big business | |
| 1236837129 | Social Darwinism | Survival of the fittest being applied to society; Herbert Spencer had the idea; racist connotation; Anglo-Saxon's were at the top | |
| 1236837130 | Fredrick Jackson Turner | Wrote the "Frontier Thesis" which basically said that now Americans are trapped because they can't move west and America is great because of the frontier - the era of individualism is over | |
| 1236837131 | Booker T. Washington | Wrote "Up from Slavery"; a former slave; believed blacks could succeed by industrially educating them; founded the Tuskegee Institute | |
| 1236837132 | Atlanta Compromise | An agreement struck in 1895 between African-American leaders and Southern white leaders. The agreement was that Southern blacks would work meekly and submit to white political rule, while Southern whites guaranteed that blacks would receive basic education and due process in law. | |
| 1236837133 | W.E.B DuBois | From Massachusetts; not born during slavery or in slavery; went to Harvard; believed that blacks needed to be more forceful about equality; National Association of Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | |
| 1236837134 | Niagara Movement | Started by DuBois; said that you needed to get a tenth of the blacks to be educated like him to help the blacks succeed; thought education was very important | |
| 1236837135 | Naturalist Literature | The Dominant Literary art form after the civil war; it had a plot, nature plays a role and defines people, influenced by Darwin, wanted to objectively study humans, not uplifting; this is an offshoot of realism | |
| 1236837136 | Upton Sinclair | Was a socialist from Baltimore that wrote "The Jungle" about factory life; advocated socialism as a remedy | |
| 1236837137 | Stephen Crane | Wrote "The Red Badge of Courage" about a guy that wants to be a hero but cant | |
| 1236837138 | Free Silver | the idea of minting silver and putting it into circulation to help inflation; supported by half of the voters but not the party leaders | |
| 1236837139 | Silver Rights | A small wing of the republican party from the west that supported free silver | |
| 1236837140 | Rutherford Hayes | president from 1877-1881; he was elected as a compromise to end reconstruction; begins civil service reform and liked Gilded Age Capitalism | |
| 1236837141 | Great Railway Strike | Took place in 1877 at the B&O Railroad (Camden Station) and spread both fast and violent; required gov't intervening | |
| 1236837142 | Panic of 1873 | this happened when railroads were over invested in, they collapsed and so did everything/everyone that invested in them | |
| 1236837143 | Coinage Act of 1873 | Known as the "Crime of '73" to farmers; it said that silver was no longer used on the basis of printing money | |
| 1236837144 | Bland-Allison Act | passed in 1878 even though Hayes vetoed it; allowed silver to lose value and said that 2 million dollars worth of silver could be minted each month (not helpful) | |
| 1236837145 | James Garfield | Was only president for a few months because he got killed for not giving a Stalwart republican lawyer a job | |
| 1236837146 | Chester Arthur | Garfield's VP and the president when Garfield is killed; stopped being corrupt when he became president; called the "Father of the Modern US Navy" | |
| 1236837147 | Pendleton Act | First act to address political corruption on a national level; this angered the Stalwart Republicans | |
| 1236837148 | Chinese Exclusion Act | This Act passed in 1884 stated that if you are from China, you could not come to America | |
| 1236837149 | Pork-barrel Projects | These are when a gov't official spends gov't money in a district or state to bring jobs; Arthur reduced them | |
| 1236837150 | Mongrel Tariff | This is the tariff that was passed under Arthur that no one liked; it was compromised, some raised were lowered while others were increased | |
| 1236837151 | Mogwumps | The people who decided to vote for Cleveland | |
| 1236837152 | Interstate Commerce Act | Passed in 1887; this act made companies have shipping rates that were proportional to distance - had to have a standard rate; it wasn't enforced | |
| 1236837153 | Lodge Bill | Supported by the Northeast Republicans; it was for protecting the rights of Blacks in the south to vote - civil rights republicans; | |
| 1236837154 | McKinley Tariff | This was supported by midwest and northeast republicans; wanted the tariff to be raised to protect domestic manufacturing | |
| 1236837155 | Sherman Anti-Trust Act | This was an act that was supposed to ruin monopolies and trusts; Teddy was the first president to enforce it | |
| 1236837156 | Sherman Silver Purchase Act | This was supported by western republicans; also known as silver republicans | |
| 1236837157 | Homestead Strike | Harrison called federal troops to break up this strike at Carnages Steel Mill |
