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Ch. 12 APES VoCaB Flashcards

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9640839516Nonrenewable sourcesAn energy source with a finite supply, primarily the fossil and nuclear fuels0
9640839517Fossil fuelsA fuel derived from biological material that became fossilized millions of years ago1
9640841433Nuclear fuelsFuels derived from radioactive materials that give off energy2
9640844341Commercial energy sourceAn energy source that is bought and solid3
9640846361Subsistence energy sourceEnergy sources gathered by individuals for their own immediate needs4
9640850502Energy carrierSomething that can move/deliver energy in a convenient usable form to end users5
9640850503TurbineA device with blades that can be turned by water, wind, stream, and exhaust gas from combustion that turns on a generator in an electricity producing plant6
9640852811Electrical gridA network of connected transmission lines that joins power plants together and links them together with end users of electricity7
9640852812Combined cycleA power plant that uses both exhaust gases and steam8
9640857589Energy intensityThe energy use per unit of great domestic product9
9640858794Hubert curveA bell-shaped curve representing oil use and projecting both when world oil production will reach a max. and when we will run out of oil10
9640858795Peak oilThe point at which 1/2 the total known oil supply is used up11
9640862807FissionA nuclear reaction in which a neutron strikes a relatively large atomic nucleus, which then splits into 2 or more parts, releasing additional neutrons and energy in the form of heat12
9640864805Fuel rodsA cylindrical tube that encloses nuclear fuel within a nuclear reaction13
9640864806Control rodsA cylindrical device inserted between the fuel rods in a nuclear reactor absorb excess neutrons and slow/stop the fission reaction14
9640866150Radioactive wasterNuclear fuel that can no longer produce enough heat to be useful in a power plant but continues to emit radioactivity15
9640867876Becquerel (Bq)Unit that measures the rate at which a sample of radioactive material decays (1 By = decay of 1 atom/nucleus per second)16
9640870032CurieA unit measure for radiation (1 curie = 37 billion decays/sec)17
9640871339Nuclear fusionA reaction that occurs when lighter nuclei are forced together to produce heavier nuclei18
9653808027CapacityIn reference to an electricity- generating plant, the maximum electrical output19
9653809581Capacity factorThe fraction of time a power-plant operates in a gear20
9653810560CogenerationThe use of a single fuels to generate electricity and to produce heat21
9653810561CoalSolid fuel formed primarily from the remains of teens, ferns, and other plant materials preserved 280 million- 300 million years ago22
9653811164PetroleumA fossil fuel that occurs in underground deposits, composed of a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons, water, and sulfur23
9653811165Crude oilLiquid petroleum removed from the ground24
9653811500Oil sandsSlow-flowing, viscous deposits of bitumen mixed with sands, water, and clay25
9653812469BitumenA degraded petroleum that forms when petroleum migrates to the surface of earth and is modified by bacteria (tar/pitch)26
9653813382CTL "Coal to Liquid"The process of converting solid coal into liquid fuels27

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