Campbell
Terms : Hide Images
| 346742055 | James Watson | United States geneticist who (with Crick in 1953) helped discover the helical structure of DNA (born in 1928) | 0 | |
| 346742056 | Francis Crick | discovered the secret of DNA structure in the 1950s with James Watson using Rosalind Franklin's pictures of DNA | 1 | |
| 346742057 | Rosalind Franklin | carried out the X-ray crystallography analysis of DNA and showed DNA is a helix | 2 | |
| 346742058 | Griffith | scientist who experimented with bacteria to find out how it made people sick. Discovered process of transformation. | 3 | |
| 346742059 | Avery, McCarty and MacLeod | 1944- repeated portions of Griffith's experiment -used only heat-killed bacteria -purified all chemicals from cells -added each independently* to live cells -ONLY DNA acted as transforming agent | 4 | |
| 346742060 | Hershey and Chase | Used radioactive material to label DNA and protein; infected bacteria passed on DNA; helped prove that DNA is genetic material not proteins | 5 | |
| 346742061 | Chargaff | discovered that the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine, and amount of guanine equals cytosine? | 6 | |
| 346742062 | transformation | modification of a cell or bacterium by the uptake and incorporation of exogenous DNA | 7 | |
| 346742063 | bacteriophages | viruses that infect bacteria | 8 | |
| 346742064 | double helix | two strands of nucleotides wound about each other; structure of DNA | 9 | |
| 346742065 | semiconservative model | Type of DNA replication in which the replicated double helix consists of one old strand, derived from the old molecule, and one newly made strand. | 10 | |
| 346742066 | origins of replication | Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins. | 11 | |
| 346742067 | replication forks | the areas where the double helix separates | 12 | |
| 346742068 | polymerases | DNA is transcibed by these enzymes. Make RNA polymers | 13 | |
| 346742069 | leading strand | the new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' --> 3' direction | 14 | |
| 346742070 | lagging strand | A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates in a direction away from the replication fork. | 15 | |
| 346742071 | DNA ligase | an enzyme that eventually joins the sugar-phosphate backbones of the Okazaki fragments | 16 | |
| 346742072 | primase | An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer. | 17 | |
| 346742073 | primer | An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis. | 18 | |
| 346742074 | helicases | enzymes that separate the DNA strands | 19 | |
| 346742075 | single strand binding protein | During DNA replication, molecules that line up along the unpaired DNA strands, holding them apart while the DNA strands serve as templates for the synthesis of complementary strands of DNA. | 20 | |
| 346742076 | mismatch pair | a situation in which enzymes remove and replace incorrectly paired nucleotides that have resulted from replication errors | 21 | |
| 346742077 | nucleotide excision repair | The process of removing and then correctly replacing a damaged segment of DNA using the undamaged strand as a guide. | 22 | |
| 346742078 | nuclease | general term for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleic acid by cleaving chains of nucleotides into smaller units | 23 | |
| 346742079 | telomeres | Repeated DNA sequences at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. | 24 | |
| 346742080 | telomerase | an enzyme in eukaryotic cells that can add telomeres to the ends of chromosomes after they divide | 25 | |
| 346742081 | Okazaki fragments | Short fragments of DNA that are a result of the synthesis of the lagging strand during DNA replication. | 26 |
