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| 107603247 | american revolution | 13 birth colonies along the eastern seaboard revolted against their mother country; despite their differences, the colonies found ways to create a new government based on liberal principles that made an impact on the "old world" european states | 0 | |
| 107603248 | stamp act | 1765; british parliament->attempted to levy new taxes on the colonies, but riots quickly lad to the statute's appeal | 1 | |
| 107603249 | tea act | 1773; an attempt by parliament to help the financially hard-pressed east india company by allowing it to bypass american wholesalers and sell its tea directly to distributor; americans said it was an attempt to ruin colonial bussiness | 2 | |
| 107603250 | east india company | the company chartered by the english government in 1600 to carry on trade in the east indies, dissolved in 1874 | 3 | |
| 107603251 | coerive act | closed the port of boston until compensation for the destroyed tea was paid, restricted town meetings, and strengthened the power of the royal governor of massachusetts | 4 | |
| 107603252 | common sense | a pamphlet published in january 1776 by thomas paine, a recently arrived english political radical; argued that it was ridiculous for "a continent to be perpetually governed by an island" | 5 | |
| 107603253 | declaration of independence | affirmed the enlightenment's natural rights of the 'life, liberty, and the pursuit if happiness' and declared the colonies to be 'free and independent states absolved from all alliegence to the birth throne' | 6 | |
| 107603254 | u.s. constitution | created a central government distinct and superior to the governments of the individual states; national government was given power to levy taxes, rise a national army, regulate domestic and foreign trade and establish a national currency; central federal government was divided in to 3 parts(1)president(2)legislative power(3)federal judiciary | 7 | |
| 107603255 | bill of rights | made up of ten amendments ratified in 1791; amendments guaranteed freedom of religion, speech, press, petition and assembly, right to bear arms, protection under unreasonable searches and arrests, trial by jury, due process of law and protection of property rights | 8 | |
| 107603256 | marquis de lafayette | returning french soldier; became a member of the society of 30 | 9 | |
| 107603257 | declaration of the rights of man and the citizen | showed signs of influence of the american d.o.i. and state constitutions; reflected ideas of the major philosophes of the french enlightenment and also owed much to america... affirmed destruction of aristocratic priviledges by proclaiming exemptions from taxation, freedom and equal rights for all men, and access to public office based on talent | 10 | |
| 107603258 | bourgeoisie | the class that, in contrast to the proletrait or wage-earning class, is primarily concerned with property values' owns most important of the mass means of production, through which it exploits the working class | 11 | |
| 107603259 | parlements | responsible for registering royal decrees, 13 laws courts could block royal edicts by not registering them; louis XIV forced them into submission, they gained new strength in the 18th century as they and their noble judges assumed the rule of defenders of the 'right' against the arbitrary powerof the monarchy | 12 | |
| 107603260 | charles de calonne | the controller-general of finance who in 1786 proposed a complete revamping of the fiscal and administrative system of the state | 13 | |
| 107603261 | estates general | french parliamentary body that had not met since 1614 | 14 | |
| 109684763 | Parlement of paris | Consisted of the nobles of the robe advocated voting by order to form used in 1614:each order votes | 15 | |
| 109684764 | Society of 30 | A group of patriots who drew members from salons in paris; called themselves "lovers of liberety" | 16 | |
| 109684765 | Abbe sieyes | Representative of the third estate who wrote a pamphlet asking what is the third estate?everything. What has it been thus for in the political order?nothing.and what does it demand?to become something | 17 | |
| 109684766 | National Assembly | June 17,1789 third estate voted to constitute itself and decided to draw up a constitution | 18 | |
| 109684767 | Tennis court oath | A result oath based because on June 20 the third estate went to their meeting place and found the doors locked so they moved to a nearby tennis court and swore that they would continue to meet until they had produced a french constitution | 19 | |
| 110019443 | fall of the bastille | july 14, 1789; parisian crowds in search of weapons attacked and captured the royal army->fall marked the triumph of "liberty" over depotism | 20 | |
| 110019444 | great fear | a vast panic the spread like wild fire through france between july 20 and august 6 | 21 | |
| 110019445 | olympe de gouges | playwright and pamphleter, who refused to accept this execution of women from political rights | 22 | |
| 110019446 | bread march | women's protest on the rising bread prices leading to their children's starvation due to lack of nutrients and food | 23 | |
| 110019447 | legislative assembly | in which soverign power was vested, was to sit for 2 years and consists of 745 representatives chosen by an indirect system of election | 24 | |
| 110019448 | jacobins | group of peasants who remained opposed to dues that had still not been abandoned and political clubs offering more radical solutions to the nations problems; members were usually the elite of their local societies, artisans, and tradespeople | 25 | |
| 110019449 | declaration of pillnitz | invited other european monarchs to take "the most effective means... to put the king of france in a state to strengthen, in the most perfect liberty, the bases of a monarchial government equally becoming tot he rights of soveriegns and to the well being of the french nation"; issued by emperor leopold II of austria and king frederick william II of prussia | 26 | |
| 110019450 | paris commune | the pass age of power to a group composed of many who proudly called themselves sans-culottes | 27 | |
| 110019451 | sans-culottes | ordinary patriots without fine clothes | 28 | |
| 110019452 | georges danton | (1759-1794) minister of justice, led revenge on those who aided king and resisted the popular will | 29 | |
| 110019453 | national convention | was called to draft a new constitution, it also acted as the soverign ruling body of france; dominated by lawyer, professionals, and property owners | 30 | |
| 110019454 | girodins | came to fear radical mobs in paris and were disposed to keep the king alive as a hedge against future eventualities | 31 | |
| 110019455 | mountains | represented the interests of the city of paris and owed much of its strength to the radical and popular elements in the city; middle class | 32 | |
| 110019456 | committee of public safety | se up to oversee the defense of the new republic against foreign attacks and internal rebellion; created april 1793 by the national convention | 33 | |
| 110019457 | max robespierre | (1758-1794) one of the best-known and most influential figures of the figures of the french revolution; largely dominated committee of public safety | 34 | |
| 110019458 | revolutionary army | creation of modern nationalism; military of france during the period between the fall of the old regime and the formation of the first french empire | 35 | |
| 110019459 | reign of terror | established by the national convention and committee of public safety to meet the domestic crisis | 36 | |
| 110019460 | revolutionary(republic) calender | years would no longer be numbered from the birth of jesus but from september 22, 1792, the day the french republic was proclaimed | 37 | |
| 110019461 | thermidorean reaction | took place on the revolution after robespierre's death in 1794, named after the month thermidor | 38 | |
| 110019462 | constitution | 1795; established a national legislative assembly consisting of 2 chambers:(1)council of 500 (2)council of elders | 39 | |
| 110019463 | directory | the 5 elected directors from the council of elders that acted as executive assembly | 40 | |
| 110019464 | gracchus babeuf | was appalled at the misery of the common people and wanted to abolish private property and eliminate private enterprise | 41 | |
| 110019465 | napoleon | dominated both french and european history from 1799-1815; was in power exactly 10 years after the outbreak of the revolution; rose to power through military means | 42 | |
| 110019466 | consul | highest elected office of the roman republic; a official appointed by the government of one country to look after its commercial interests and the welfare of its citizens in another country | 43 | |
| 110019467 | civil code | Napoleonic Code; this code preserved most of the gains of the revolution by recognizing the principle of the equality of all citizens before the law, and ect. | 44 | |
| 110019468 | prefects | responsible for supervising all aspects of local government | 45 | |
| 110019469 | grand empire | was composed of 3 major~the french empire, a series of independent states and allied states, inner core was french empire | 46 | |
| 110019470 | continental system | put in affect between 1806 and 1807, it attempted to prevent british goods from reaching the european continent in order to weaken britian economically and destroy its capacity to wage war; FAILED!!!!! | 47 | |
| 110019471 | battle of trafalgar | british navy's defeat of a combined french spanish fleet in 1805 | 48 | |
| 110019472 | nationalism | political creed that grew during revolution based on people's emphasis on brotherhood and solidarity against other peoples | 49 | |
| 110019473 | great retreat | napoleon abandoned moscow in late october->led to war of liberation and napoleon's defeat in 1814 | 50 | |
| 110019474 | elba | off coast of tuscany; napoleon played ruler | 51 | |
| 110019475 | louis XVIII | restored bourbon monarchy in france | 52 | |
| 110019476 | battle of waterloo | june 18, napoleon met a combined british and prussian army and suffered a bloody retreat | 53 | |
| 110019477 | saint helena | exiled to this island in the south atlantic due to loss at the battle of waterloo | 54 |
