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Ch. 1-4 Vocab

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122006959AuthorityThe right to use power
122006960Bureaucratic ViewView that the government is dominated by appointed officials.
122006961DemocracyThe rule of many
122006962Direct DemocracyA government in which all or most citizens participate directly
122006963ElitePersons who possess a disproportionate share of some valued resource, like money or power
122006964LegitimacyPolitical authority conferred by law or by a state or national constitution
122006965Marxist ViewView that the government is dominated by capitalists
122006966Power Elite ViewView that the government is dominated by a few top leaders, most of whom are outside the government
122006967Pluralist ViewThe belief that competition among all affected interests shapes public policy
122006968PowerThe ability of one person to cause another person to act in accordance with the first person's intentions
122006969Power EliteA political theory espoused by C. Wright Mills which holds that an elite of corporate leaders, top military officers, and key political leaders make most political decisions
122006970Representative DemocracyA government in which leaders make decisions by winning a competitive struggle for the popular vote
122006971AmendmentA new provision in the Constitution that has been ratified by the states
122006972AntifederalistsThose who favor a weaker national government
122006973FederalismGovernment authority shared by national and state governments
122006974FederalistsThose who favor a stronger national government
122006975Great CompromisePlan to have popularity elected House based on state population and a state-selected Senate, with two members for each state
122006976Habeas CorpusAn order to produce an arrested person before a judge
122006977InalienableA human right based on nature or God
122006978Line-item VetoAn executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature
122006979New Jersey PlanProposal to create a weak national government
122006980RepublicA government in which elected representatives make the decisions
122006981Reserved PowersPowers given to the state governments alone
122006982Separation of PowersConstitutional authority is shared by three different branches of the government
122006983Shay's RebellionA 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes
122006984UnalienableA human right based on nature or God
122006985Virginia PlanProposal to create a strong national government
122006986Block GrantsGrants of money from the national government that states can spread within broad guidlines determined by Washington
122006987Conditions of AidTerms set by the national goernment that states must meet if they are to recieve certain federal funds
122006988DevolutionThe effort to transfer responsibility for many public programs and services from the federal government to the states
122006989Dual FerderalismA constitutional theory that the national government and the state government each have defined areas of authority
122006990Grants-in-aidMoney given by the national government to the states
122006991Articles of ConfederationA weak constitution that governed America during and immediately after the Revolutionary War
122006992Bill of AttainderA law that declares a person, without trial, to be guilty of a crime
122006993Bill of RightsThe first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution
122006994Checks and BalancesThe power of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government to block some acts by the other two branches
122006995CoalitionAn alliance of factions
122006996Concurrent PowersPowers shared by the national and state governments
122006997Enumerated PowersPowers given to the national government alone
122006998Ex Post Facto LawA law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was commited
122006999FactionA group with a distinct political interest
122007000InitiativeProcess that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot
122007001MandatesTerms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants
122007002Necessary and Proper ClauseSection of the Constitution allowing Congress to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to its duties, and which had permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated by the Constitution
122007003NullificationThe doctrine that a stae can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution
122007004Police PowerThe power of a government to effect laws that promote citizens' health, safety, and morals
122007005RecallProcedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office
122007006ReferendumProcedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature
122007007Civic CompetenceA belief that one can affect government policies
122007008Civic DutyA belief that one has an obligation to participate in civic and political affairs
122007009Class ConsciousnessBelief that you are a member of an economic group whose interests are opposed to people in other such groups
122007010Orthodox ReligionA belief that morality and religion ought to be of decisive importance
122007011Political CultureA coherent way of thinking about how politics and government ought to be carried out
122007012Political EfficacyA belief that you can participate in politics (internal efficacy) or that the government will respond to the citizenry (external efficacy)
122007013Progressive ReligionA belief that personal freedom and solving social problems is more important than religion

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