based on course-notes.org Ch. 1 Vocabulary Terms American Pageant 11th Edition
also themes of Ch. 1 American Pageant 13th Edition
Terms : Hide Images
| 586834468 | Aztecs | The Aztecs were a Native American Empire who lived in Mexico. Their capital was Tenochtitlan. They worshiped everything around them especially the sun. Cortes conquered them in 1521. | 0 | |
| 586834469 | Pueblo Indians | The Pueblo Indians lived in the Southwestern United States. They built extensive irrigation systems to water their primary crop, which was corn. Their houses were multi-storied buildings made of adobe. | 1 | |
| 586834470 | Joint Stock Company | These were developed to gather the savings from the middle class to support finance colonies. Ex. London Company and Plymouth Company. | 2 | |
| 586834471 | Spanish Armada | "Invincible" group of ships sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England in 1588; Armada was defeated by smaller, more maneuverable English "sea dogs" in the Channel; marked the beginning of English naval dominance and fall of Spanish dominance. | 3 | |
| 586834472 | black legend | The idea developed during North American colonial times that the Spanish utterly destroyed the Indians through slavery and disease while the English did not. It is a false assertion that the Spanish were more evil towards the Native Americans than the English were. | 4 | |
| 586834473 | Conquistadores | Spanish explorers that invaded Central and South America for its riches during the 1500's. In doing so they conquered the Incas, Aztecs, and other Native Americans of the area. Eventually they intermarried these tribes. | 5 | |
| 586834474 | Renaissance | After the Middle Ages there was a rebirth of culture in Europe where art and science were developed. It was during this time of enrichment that America was discovered. | 6 | |
| 586834475 | Canadian Shield | geological shape of North America; 10 million years ago; held the northeast corner of North America in place; the first part of North America to come above sea level. See | 7 | |
| 586834476 | Mound Builders | The mound builders of the Ohio River Valley and the Mississippian culture of the lower Midwest did sustain some large settlements after the incorporation of corn planting into their way of life during the first millennium AD. The Mississippian settlement at Cohokia, near present-day East St. Louis, Ill., was perhaps home to 40,000 people in about AD 1100. But mysteriously, around the year 1300, both the Mound Builder and the Mississippian cultures had fallen to decline. | 8 | |
| 586834477 | Montezuma | Aztec chieftain; encountered Cortes and the Spanish and saw that they rode horses; Montezuma assumed that the Spanish were gods. He welcomed them hospitably, but the explorers soon turned on the natives and ruled them for three centuries. | 9 | |
| 586834478 | Christopher Columbus | An Italian navigator who was funded by the Spanish Government (Isabella and Ferdinand) to find a passage to the Far East. He is given credit for discovering the "New World," even though at his death he believed he had made it to India. He made four voyages to the "New World." The first sighting of land was on October 12, 1492, and three other journeys until the time of his death in 1503. | 10 | |
| 586834479 | Hernan Cortes | He was a Spanish explorer who conquered the Native American civilization of the Aztecs in 1519 in what is now Mexico. Conquered the Aztecs at Tenochtitlan. Went from Cuba to present day Vera Cruz, then marched over mountains to the Aztec capital. | 11 | |
| 586834480 | Francisco Coronado | A Spanish soldier and commander; in 1540, he led an expedition north from Mexico into Arizona; he was searching for the legendary Seven Cities of Gold (El Dorado), but only found Adobe pueblos. | 12 | |
| 586834481 | Treaty of Tordesillas | In 1494 Spain and Portugal were disputing the lands of the new world, so the Spanish went to the Pope, and he divided the land of South America for them. Spain got the vast majority, the west, and Portugal got the east. | 13 | |
| 586834482 | Mestizos | The Mestizos were the race of people created when the Spanish intermarried with the surviving Indians in Mexico. | 14 | |
| 586834483 | Marco Polo | Italian explorer; spent many years in China or near it; his return to Europe in 1295 sparked a European interest in finding a quicker route to Asia. | 15 | |
| 586834484 | Francisco Pizarro | Francisco Pizarro -- New World conqueror; Spanish conqueror who crushed the Inca civilization in Peru; took gold, silver and enslaved the Incas in 1532. | 16 | |
| 586834485 | Juan Ponce de Leon | Spanish Explorer; in 1513 and in 1521, he explored Florida, thinking it was an island. Looking for gold and the "fountain of youth", he failed in his search for the fountain of youth but established Florida as territory for the Spanish, before being killed by a Native American arrow. | 17 | |
| 586834486 | Hernando de Soto | Spanish Conquistador; explored in 1540's from Florida west to the Mississippi with six hundred men in search of gold; discovered the Mississippi, a vital North American river. | 18 | |
| 586834487 | theme I (diversity) | In the New World, before Columbus, there were many different Native American tribes. These people were very diverse. In what's today the U.S., there were an estimated 400 tribes, often speaking different languages. It's inaccurate to think of "Indians" as a homogeneous group. | 19 | |
| 586834488 | theme II (New World) | Columbus came to America looking for a trade route to the East Indies (Spice Islands). Other explorers quickly realized this was an entirely New World and came to lay claim to the new lands for their host countries. Spain and Portugal had the head start on France and then England. | 20 | |
| 586834489 | theme III (biological exchange) | The coming together of the two world had world changing effects. The biological exchange cannot be underestimated. Food was swapped back and forth and truly revolutionized what people ate. On the bad side, European diseases wiped out an estimated 90% of Native Americans. | 21 | |
| 586834490 | main theme | The over-arching theme of chapter 1 is the Old World meeting and clashing with the New World. | 22 | |
| 586861392 | Don Juan de Onate | followed Coronado's old path into present day New Mexico. He conquered the Indians ruthlessly, maiming them by cutting off one foot of survivors just so they'd remember. Despite mission efforts, the Pueblo Indians revolted in Pope's Rebellion. | 23 | |
| 586861393 | Robert de LaSalle | sailed down the Mississippi River for France claiming the whole region for their King Louis and naming the area "Louisiana" after his king. This started a slew of place-names for that area, from LaSalle, Illinois to "Louisville" and then on down to New Orleans (the American counter of Joan of Arc's famous victory at Orleans). | 24 | |
| 587659199 | three sister farming | Corn grew in a stalk providing a trellis for beans, beans grew up the stalk, squash's broad leaves kept the sun off the ground and thus kept the moisture in the soil. Method used by Eastern Indians) | 25 | |
| 587659200 | Hiawatha | legendary leader of Iroquois Confederation | 26 | |
| 587659201 | caravel | a ship with triangular sail that could better tack (zig-zag) ahead into the wind and thus return to Europe from Africa coast. | 27 | |
| 587659202 | astrolabe | a sextant gizmo that could tell a ship's latitude. | 28 | |
| 587659203 | Vasco Balboa | "discovered" the Pacific Ocean across isthmus of Panama | 29 | |
| 587659204 | Ferdinand Magellan | circumnavigates the globe (1st to do so) | 30 | |
| 587659205 | Hernando Cortes | enters Florida, travels up into present day Southeastern U.S., dies and is "buried" in Mississippi River | 31 | |
| 587659206 | John Cabot | (an Italian who sailed for England) touched the coast of the current day U.S. | 32 | |
| 587659207 | Giovanni de Verrazano | also touched on the North American seaboard. | 33 | |
| 587659208 | Jacques Cartier | went into mouth of St. Lawrence River (Canada). | 34 |
