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| 130498208 | Buddhism | Religion, based on Four Noble Truths, associated with Siddhartha Gautama (563--483 B.C.E.), or the Buddha; its adherents desired to eliminate all distracting passion and reach nirvana. | 0 | |
| 130498209 | Bunraku | Japanese puppet theater. | 1 | |
| 130498210 | Christianity | Religion emerging from Middle East in the first century C.E. holding Jesus to be the son of God who sacrificed himself on behalf of mankind. | 2 | |
| 130498211 | Confucianism | Philosophy, based on the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Kong Fuzi (551-479 B.C.E.), or Confucius, that emphasizes order, the role of the gentleman, obligation to society, and reciprocity. | 3 | |
| 130498212 | Daimyo | Powerful territorial lords in early modern Japan. | 4 | |
| 130498213 | Dutch learning | European knowledge that reached Tokugawa Japan. | 5 | |
| 130498214 | Floating Worlds | Term for centers of urban culture in Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate. | 6 | |
| 130498215 | Jesuits | Group founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1540 that maintained high educational standards and served worldwide as missionaries. | 7 | |
| 130498216 | Kabuki | Japanese theater in which actors were free to improvise and embellish the words. | 8 | |
| 130498217 | Manchus | Manchurians who conquered China, putting an end to the Ming dynasty and founding the Qing dynasty (1644-1911). | 9 | |
| 130498218 | Mandate of Heaven | Chinese belief that the emperors ruled through the mandate, or approval, of heaven contingent on their ability to look after the welfare of the population. | 10 | |
| 130498219 | Ming | Chinese dynasty (1368-1644) founded by Hongwu and known for its cultural brilliance. | 11 | |
| 130498220 | Nagasaki | Only city in Japan open to the outside world where only Dutch merchants were permitted to trade. | 12 | |
| 130498221 | Neo-Confucianism | Philosophy that attempted to merge certain basic elements of Confucian and Buddhist thought; most important of the early Neo-Confucianists was the Chinese thinker Zhu Xi (1130-1200). | 13 | |
| 130498222 | Patriarchy | System of social organization in which males dominate the family and where public institutions, descent, and succession are traced through the male line. | 14 | |
| 130498223 | Qing | Chinese dynasty (1644-1911) that reached its peak during the reigns of Kangxi and Qianlong. | 15 | |
| 130498224 | Scholar-Bureaucrats | Civil servants, selected through rigorous examinations and schooled in Confucian texts and calligraphy, who governed the Chinese empire of the Qing dynasty. | 16 | |
| 130498225 | Shintoism | Indigenous Japanese religion that emphasizes purity, clan loyalty, and the divinity of the emperor. | 17 | |
| 130498226 | Shogun | Japanese military leader who ruled in place of the emperor. | 18 | |
| 130498227 | Tokugawa | Last shogunate in Japanese history (1600-1867); it was founded by Tokugawa Ieyasu who was notable for unifying Japan. | 19 | |
| 130498228 | Ukiyo | Japanese word for the "floating worlds," a Buddhist term for the insignificance of the world that came to represent the urban centers in Tokugawa Japan. | 20 | |
| 130498229 | Wanli | Chinese Ming emperor (r. 1572-1620) whose refusal to meet with officials hurried the decline of Ming dynasty. | 21 | |
| 130498230 | Zhu Xi | Neo-Confucian Chinese philosopher (1130-1200). | 22 |
