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Ch. 29-30 Identify Flashcards

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319275161John LockeEnglish empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)0
319275162RousseauFrench philosopher from 1712-1778 who believed that people are naturally good, but are corrupted by society1
319275163Seven Years' WarWorldwide struggle between France and Great Britain for power and control of land; known in America as the French and Indian War2
319275164Continental CongressThe legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution; they issued the Declaration of Independence3
319275165George WashingtonCommander of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War; 1st president of the United States4
319275166Cornwalliscommander of the British forces in the American Revolutionary War; surrendered to the colonists at Yorktown5
319275167The Estates GeneralA rarely called meeting of the three social classes in France6
319275168King Louis XVIKing of France from 1774-1792; his unpopular policies helped trigger the French Revolution.7
319275169The National AssemblyA group of Third Estate delegates that broke ties with the Estates General. Marked the first stage of the revolution.8
319275170The ConventionLegislative body created by revolutionary leaders that abolished the monarchy & proclaimed France as a republic9
319275171The BastilleA fortress and prison in France that was destroyed in 1789 at the beginning of the French Revolution10
319275172Mass LevyFrench wartime draft11
319275173The DirectoryA group of five directors that were in power in France until they were overthrown by Napoleon in 179912
319275174L' OuvertureLeader of slave revolt in Haiti which helped it to achieve its independence13
319275175Bolivarleader of revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule.14
319275176Jose de San Martinrevolutionary leader who freed chile and joined bolivar to free peru15
319275177Gran ColombiaThe temporary union of the northern portion of South America after independence movements led by Simón Bolivar16
319275178Pedro IAided in the declaration of Brazilian independence in 1822 and became constitutional emperor17
319275179HidalgoA member of the lower nobility in Spain18
319275180John Stuart MillsFounder of utilitarism; fought for womens rights19
319275181HerzlInvented zionism20
319275182MetternichAustrian foreign minister who basically controlled the Congress of Vienna.21
319275183Elizabeth Cady StantonA prominent advocate of women's rights (1815-1902)22
319275184Otto von BismarckGerman statesman under whose leadership Germany was united (1815-1898)23
319975480IndustrializationThe development of industries for the machine production of goods24
319975481Putting-out systemThe merchant loans raw materials to several cottage workers, who processed the raw materials in their own homes and returned the finished product to the merchant.25
319975482James WattScottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry (1736-1819)26
319975483Henry BessemerBritish man who revolutionized the way to manufacture steel by making the process quicker and more efficient27
319975484Wealth of Nations18th century book written by Scottish economist Adam Smith in which he spells out the first modern account of free market economies.28
319975485Henry FordUnited States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production; founder of the Ford Motor Company (1863-1947)29
319975486John D. RockefellerAmerican industrialist and philanthropist. Revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy.30
319975487Utopian socialistsPeople who believed that everyone was equal and that competition in industry there should be cooperation; early socialists.31
319975488ProletariatA social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages32
319975489EngelsDeveloped communist theory with Karl Marx. Co-wrote the Communist Manifesto33
319975490Trans-Siberian RailroadConstructed in 1870s to connect European Russia with the Pacific; completed by the end of the 1880s; brought Russia into a more active Asian role.34
319975491Count Sergei WittePlayed a central role in Russia's industrialization; put Russia on the gold standard35
319975492Edward JennerEnglish physician who pioneered vaccination; discovered the vaccination to smallpox36

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