AP Euro Chapter 29 Test Flashcards
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| 753186664 | Ethnic cleansing | The killing or imprisonment of an ethnic minority by another ethnic or religious group in the region. Ex. In Yugoslavia the Serbs tried to get rid of the Bosnian Muslims. | 0 | |
| 753186665 | "Theater of the Absurd" | A post WWII style of plays stressing the irrational or illogical aspects of life, usually to show that modern life is pointless. Samuel Beckett and Gunter Grass are among key writers. | 1 | |
| 753186666 | 1972 ABM Treaty | Anti Ballistic Missle Treaty set by President Nixon and Premier Brazhnev that limited construction of missles that could shoot down other missiles and made certain that MAD could take place. | 2 | |
| 753186667 | 1975 Helsinki Agreement | 35 nations pledged to respect basic rights such as religious freedom and freedom of thought; Ford's accomplishment. | 3 | |
| 753186668 | Afghanistan War | A conflict between anti-communist Muslim Afghan guerrillas and Afghan government and Soviet forces; overthrew President Khan. | 4 | |
| 753186669 | Boris Yeltsin | President of the Russian Republic in 1991; the first post-Cold War leader; came to power by helping Mikhail Gorbachev when hard-line Communists attempted to overthrow him but soon forced Gorbachev to resign & declared an end to the USSR. | 5 | |
| 753186670 | Chechnia | Predominately Muslim ethnic republic in the North Caucasus, Russia; fighting for their independence from Russia (Russians consider them terrorists). | 6 | |
| 753186671 | Dayton Accords | 1995 peace agreement ending the war over the former Yugoslavia, b/t Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia. | 7 | |
| 753186672 | E. F. Schumacher | German economist warned about the dangers to the environment; wrote Small Is Beautiful; best known for his critique of Western economies and his proposals for human-scale, decentralized and appropriate technologies. | 8 | |
| 753186673 | Erich Honecker | Secretary General of East German Communist Party from 1971-1989; booted out of power in 1989; saw the end of Communism and fall of the Berlin Wall. | 9 | |
| 753186674 | European Green movements | Emerged after World War II in response to growing ecological awareness; one of the most visible is the Green Party in Germany. | 10 | |
| 753186675 | Existentialism | The idea that human beings simply exist, have no higher purpose, and must exist and choose their actions for themselves; mainly influenced by Nietzsche. | 11 | |
| 753186676 | Gabriel Garcia Marquez | Latin American writer rejecting traditional form as unsuitable for representing reality; famous for his use of "magical realism;" Wrote One Hundred Years of Solitude. | 12 | |
| 753186677 | George H.W. Bush | Republican president from 1989-1993 succeding Ronald Regan; involved in the Persian Gulf War, Operation Desert Storm and the recession in the 1990's. | 13 | |
| 753186678 | Glasnot | "Openness;" policy introduced under Gorbachov in the Soviet Union of speaking openly about problems; ended party cencorship (and basically ended Communism too). | 14 | |
| 753186679 | Gulf War | A War (1990-1991) that took place between Iraq and the U.S./Kuwait started by Iraq invading Kuwait; First non-containment based war since WWII; Often referred to as Operation Desert Storm. | 15 | |
| 753186680 | Helmut Kohl | Chancellor of West Germany during the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990; Conservative. | 16 | |
| 753186681 | Irish Republican Army | An unofficial military force of Irish nationalists who used terrorism and guerilla warfare to try to drive British forces from Northern Ireland and achieve a united independent Ireland. | 17 | |
| 753186682 | Jackson Pollock | A twentieth-century American painter famous for his "abstract expressionist" paintings; used the drip technique/action painting- put a canvas on the ground and splattered/dripped paint. | 18 | |
| 753186683 | Jimmy Carter | US President (Democrat)stressed human rights; because of the Soviet war in Afghanistan he enacted an embargo on grain shipments to USSR and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow; low point- Iran Hostage Crisis; signed SALT II (Second Strategic Arms Limitations Talks); Camp David Accords-negotiated peace between Israel and Egypt. | 19 | |
| 753186684 | John Major | British statesman who was prime minister from 1990-1997 following Margaret Thatcher. | 20 | |
| 753186685 | Karl Barth | A Swiss Protestant theologian who said people were sinful and that religious truth was made known to humans only through God's grace and people had to just accept God as true and be obedient; father of neo-orthodoxy. | 21 | |
| 753186686 | Leonid Brezhnev | Seized power from Nikita Khrushchev after Cuban Misile Crisis and became leader of the Soviet Communist party in 1964; Ordered forces in to Afghanistan and Czechoslovakia. | 22 | |
| 753186687 | Baader-Meinhof gang | Aka Red Army Faction (RAF); West German left-wing-radicals terrorist group in the 1970s and 1980s. | 23 | |
| 753186688 | Maastricht Treaty | The treaty, signed in 1992, creating the European Union, the world's largest trading bloc, and moving to adopt a common currency (the Euro). | 24 | |
| 753186689 | Margaret Thatcher | British Prime Minister from 1979-1990 pledged to limit social welfare, restrict the power of labor unions, and control inflation (Thatcherism); strong relationship with Reagan; supported NATO, allowed US to store missiles in England; one of the first Western leaders to act warmly toward reformer Gorbachev. | 25 | |
| 753186690 | Mikhail Gorbachev | Soviet statesman from 1985-1991 whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms; lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe. | 26 | |
| 753186691 | Nicolae Ceausecu | Communist dictator of Romania; sharp drop in standard of living; refused to step down & was overthrown and executed. | 27 | |
| 753186692 | Olivier Messiaen | French composer of the 20th century; rhythmically complex music based on modes of limited transposition and influenced by Catholicism; Quartet for the End of Time; fascinated with birdsong. | 28 | |
| 753186693 | Perestroika | A policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society. | 29 | |
| 753186694 | Philip Glass | American composer; minimalist; made the scores for films; "Einstein on the Beach" was the most famous. | 30 | |
| 753186695 | Red Brigades | A Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization in Italy that arose out of a student protest movement in the late 1960s; attacked political leaders and in 1978 kidnapped and murdered Aldo Moro (Italian premier). | 31 | |
| 753186696 | Rene Levesque | Journalist; served as Premier of Quebec (Canada) 1976-1985; founded the Parti Quebecois, a political party that aims to make Quebec an independent French-speaking nation. | 32 | |
| 753186697 | Ronald Reagan | US president (Repuplican) 1980-1988 labeled the Soviet Union as an "evil empire;" dramatically increased military spending; provided money and supplies to support the Afghan rebels in their war against the Soviet Union; increased National debt to one trillion; opened up communication with the USSR; told Gorbachev to take down the Berlin wall. | 33 | |
| 753186698 | Stagflation | A period of slow economic growth and high unemployment (stagnation) while prices rise (inflation)- (ex.Nixon). | 34 | |
| 753186699 | Vaclav Havel | Czech playwright that called for the independence of Czechoslovakia by 1989; became the first President of Czechoslavakia and the first President of the Czech Republic in 1993; Velvet Revolution- against Soviet Union (fall of Communism). | 35 | |
| 753186700 | Vladimir Putin | Elected president of Russia in 2000 after Yeltsin; launched reforms aimed at boosting growth and budget revenues and keeping Russia on a strong economic track. | 36 | |
| 753186701 | Yugoslavian division | Yugoslavia had various administrative divisions in different time periods; between 1945-1992 Yugoslavia was divided into 6 republics and two autonomous provinces: Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, Republic of Macedonia, and Kosovo. | 37 |
