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Ch. 36 AP Biology Campbell

Transport in Vascular plants

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52755514membrane potentialthe charge difference between a cell's cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid
52755515cotransportthe coupleing of a "downhill" diffusion of one substance to the "uphill" transport against its own concentration gradient
52755516chemiosomosisenergy coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of H+ gradient a membrane to drive cellular work
52755517osmosissolution from a lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration
52755518water potentialcombined effects of solute concentration and physical pressure are incorporated into this measurement
52755519water potential= solute potential + pressure potentialformula for water potential
52755520pressure potentialthe physical pressure on a solution
52755521turgor pressurecell contents press the plasma membrane against the cell wall, creating this pressure
52755522plasmolyzeshrink away from a cell wall
52755523flaccidlimp
52755524turgidfirm
52755525aquaporintransport proteing in the plasma membrane of the plant that specifically facillitates the diffusion of water
52755526vacuole membrane{tonoplast} regulates molecular traffice between the cytosol and the other vacuolar contents
52755527symplastthe continuum of cytoplasm connected by plasmodesmata
52755528apoplastthe continuum of cell walls plus the extracellular spaces
52755529lateral transport{short distance transport}
52755530transmembranetransport--repeated crossing of plasma membrane as the solutes exit one cell and enter the next
52755531symplastic{Transport} after entering one cell, solutes and water can then move from cell to cell via plasmodesmata
52755532apoplastic{transport} the continuum of cell walls plus the extracellular space
52755533phloemIn the ____ the loading of sugar generates a high positive pressure at one end of sieve tube , forcing sap to the opposite end of the tube
52755534xylemIn_____it is actually tension (negative pressure) that drives long distance transport
52755535transpirationthe evaporative loss of water from a plant
52755536endodermisinnermost layer of cortex in plant roots
52755537root pressurethe upward push of xylem sap in the vascular tissue of roots
52755538cohesionthe binding together of like molecules
52755539adhesionthe attraction between different kinds of molecules
52755540circadian rythmcycle tjat is present in all eukaryotic organisms
52755541xerophyteplant adapted to an arid clmiate
52755542translocationtransport of organic nutrients in the phloem of vascular plants
52755543sugar sinkorgan that is a net consumer or storer of sugar

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