Mader Ch. 3
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| 563462649 | Biotechnology | using natural biological systems to create a product or to achieve an end desired by humans | 0 | |
| 563462650 | Codon | three-base sequence in mRNA that directs ribosome to insert a specific amino acid into the polypeptide chain | 1 | |
| 563462651 | DNA | genetic material of almost all organisms | 2 | |
| 563462652 | DNA fingerprinting | Using DNA fragment lengths, resulting from restriction enzyme cleavage, to identify individuals | 3 | |
| 563462653 | Gene therapy | correction of a detrimental mutation by adding normal DNA and inserting it into a genome | 4 | |
| 563462654 | Genetic engineering | altering DNA in bacteria, viruses, plants and animal cells through recombinant DNA technology | 5 | |
| 563462655 | Genetic mutation | A heritable change in nucleotide sequence (altered gene whose sequence of bases differs from the previous sequence) | 6 | |
| 563462656 | Genome | full set of genetic information within an organism or virus | 7 | |
| 563462657 | mRNA | type of RNA that takes information from DNA to the ribosomes to direct protein synthesis | 8 | |
| 563462658 | PCR | Method used to make many many copies (to amplify) a specific DNA sequence | 9 | |
| 563462659 | Recombinant DNA | contains DNA from 2 or more different sources | 10 | |
| 563462660 | rRNA | type of RNA that combines with proteins to make ribosomes | 11 | |
| 563462661 | Transcription | Process where a DNA strand serves as a template for the formation of RNA | 12 | |
| 563462662 | tRNA | type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome has an anticodon at one end that binds to the codon in mRNA | 13 | |
| 563462663 | translation | process whereby ribosomes use the sequence of codons in the mRNA to produce a polypeptide | 14 | |
| 563492145 | DNA (3 functions) | What cells replicate to be passed on to the next generation Stores information Undergoes mutations to provide genetic diversity | 15 | |
| 563492146 | Two | Number of strands in a typical DNA molecule | 16 | |
| 563492147 | One | Number of strands in a typical RNA molecule | 17 | |
| 563492148 | the 3 types of RNA | messenger (m), ribosomal (r), and transfer (t) | 18 | |
| 563492149 | transcription | the process that makes a complementary RNA copy of our genes/DNA | 19 | |
| 563492150 | Amino acids | What proteins are made out of | 20 | |
| 563492151 | Proteins | Important molecules of the cell that perform metabolic reactions, mitosis, motility and more | 21 | |
| 563492152 | Translation/Protein Synthesis | Ribosomes read mRNA and tRNAs bring correct amino acids in so proteins can be synthesized. | 22 | |
| 563492153 | xeroderma pigmentosum | -autosomal recessive disorder -individuals are deficient in enzyme(s) needed to repair mutations from UV light -eventually leads to skin cell cancers | 23 | |
| 563492154 | achondroplasia | -autosomal dominant disorder -caused by a single mutation -most common cause of short stature | 24 | |
| 563492155 | products made by genetic engineering | Insulin, human growth hormone, clotting factor, TPA, HepB vaccine | 25 | |
| 563492156 | bases found in DNA | A, T, C and G | 26 | |
| 563492157 | Nucleus | Where DNA is found in the cell | 27 | |
| 563501976 | Structure of DNA | Double-helix | 28 | |
| 563501977 | bases found in RNA | A, U, C and G | 29 | |
| 563501978 | nucleus and cytoplasm | where RNA can be found in the cell | 30 | |
| 563501979 | CG (AU would be found in RNA but not in DNA) | Which of these would be a base-pair found in DNA? A. AU B. AG C. CG D. TU | 31 | |
| 563507831 | DNA RNA Transcription | Molecule on the left is _________. Molecule on the right is _________. Process is called ______________________. |  | 32 |
| 563513563 | tRNA anticodon one amino acid | Molecule is a/an __________. Three bases at bottom are the _____________. Blue circle on top represents a/an _____________. |  | 33 |
| 563518626 | DNA is NOT involved in translation | Which of these is NOT involved in translation? A. RNA B. DNA C. Ribosomes D. tRNA | 34 | |
| 563518627 | Nucleus | Transcription occurs in the: A. Nucleus B. Cytoplasm C. Ribosomes D. All of the above are correct | 35 | |
| 563521673 | A. Hemophilia is X-linked | Which of these is an X-linked disorder? A. Hemophilia B. Down Syndrome C. Marfan Syndrome D. Huntington Disease E. Cystic Fibrosis | 36 | |
| 563521674 | E. Cystic Fibrosis is autosomal recessive | Which of these is an autosomal recessive disorder? A. Hemophilia B. Down Syndrome C. Marfan Syndrome D. Huntington Disease E. Cystic Fibrosis | 37 | |
| 563521675 | D. Huntington Disease | Which of the following is an autosomal dominant disorder? A. Hemophilia B. Down Syndrome C. Marfan Syndrome D. Huntington Disease E. Cystic Fibrosis | 38 | |
| 563524564 | DNA double helix |  | 39 | |
| 563524565 | Mutations | Mistakes in DNA replication can result in sequence changes called _____________________ . | 40 |
