Terms : Hide Images
| 85146077 | Herodotus | Originating the Western tradition of historical writing, he investigated and recording the antecedents and chronicles of the Persian Wars. | 0 | |
| 85146078 | Pericles | Aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens, supervised construction of the Acropolis, and pursued a policy of imperial expansion that led to the Peloponnesian War. He formulated a strategy of attrition but died from the plague early in the war. | 1 | |
| 85146079 | Persian Wars | Conflicts between Greek cty-states and the Persian Empire, raning from the Ionian Revolt through Darius's punitive expedition that failed at MArthon and the defeat of Xerxes' massive invasion of Greece by the Spartan-led Hellenic League. This is the first major setback for Persian arms launched by the Greeks into their period of greatest cultural productivity. Herodotus chronicled these events in the first "history" in Western tradition. | 2 | |
| 85146080 | Trireme | Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.E. It was sleek and light, powered by 170 oars arranged in three vertical tiers. Manned by skilled sailors, it was capable of short bursts of speed and complex maneuvers. | 3 | |
| 85146081 | Socrates | Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical investigation from question of natural science to ethics and human behavior. He attracted young disciples from elite families but enemies by revealing the ignorance and pretensions of others, culminating in his trial and execution by the Athenian state. | 4 | |
| 85146082 | Peloponnesian War | A protracted and costly conflict between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek world. The war was largely a consequence of Athenian imperialism. Possession of a naval empire allowed Athens to fight a war of attrition. Ultimately, Sparta prevailed because of Athenian errors and Persian financial support. | 5 | |
| 85146083 | Anthropomorphic | Suggesting human characteristics for animals or inanimate things. | 6 | |
| 85146084 | Alexander | King of Macedonia northern Greece. He conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across the Middle East. He was later know as Alexander the Great. | 7 | |
| 85146085 | Hellenistic Age | Historians' term for the era in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great. The period ended with the fall of the last major Hellenistic kingdom to Rome, but Greek cultural influence persisted until the spread of Islam in the seventh century C.E. | 8 | |
| 85146086 | Hellenic Age | Refers to the period in which we see the rise of the Greek city-states like Athens and Sparta. Pure Greek. | 9 | |
| 85146087 | Ptolemies | The Macedonian dynasty, descended from one of Alexander the Great's officers, that ruled Egypt for three centuries. From their magnificent capital at Alexandria on the Mediterranean coast, the Ptolemies largely took over the system created by Egyptian pharaohs to extract wealth of the land, rewarding Greeks and Hellenized non-Greeks serving the military and administration. | 10 | |
| 85146088 | Alexandria | City on the Med. coast of Egypt founded by Alexander. It became the capital of the Hellenistic kingdom of the Ptolemies. It contained the famous Library and Museum-a center for leading scientific and literary figures. Its merchants engaged in trade with areas bordering the Med. and the Indian Ocean. | 11 | |
| 85146089 | Infanticide | Murdering an infant | 12 | |
| 85146090 | Plato | One of Socrates' students; was considered by many to be the GREATEST philosopher of western civilization. Plato explained his ideas about government in a work entitled The Republic. In his ideal state, the people were divided into three different groups. | 13 | |
| 85146091 | Sophists | Traveling Athenian teachers that taught how to win an argument; didn't believe in gods; refused the idea of an absolute right or wrong | 14 | |
| 85146092 | Aristocrats | People of the highest class of society who held inherited titles. They were often part of the ruling class in government. | 15 |
