Terms : Hide Images
| 228806708 | Bedouins | nomads; the people in which the islamic people sprang from Arabian Peninsula; early converts to Islam (p.119) | |
| 228806709 | Dhimmi | a non-Muslim subject of a state governed in accordance with sharia law (Jews, Christians & Zoroastrians) (p.131) | |
| 228806710 | Hijrah | the migration (flight) of Muhammad and his people in 622 BCE from Mecca to Yathrib or Medina; marks 1st year of Islamic Calendar (p.118) | |
| 228806711 | Shari'a | body of law for Muslim life; defined among other things the patrilinear nature of Islamic inheritance (p.181) | |
| 228806712 | Hadiths | traditions of the prophet Muhammad (p.132) | |
| 228806713 | Umayyads | clan of Quraysh which dominated the commercial and political economy of Mecca; clan later able to establish dynast5y as rulers of Islam; moved the Capital of Caliphate to Damascus (p.121) | |
| 228806714 | Fatima | Muhammad's daughter, Fatima | |
| 228806715 | Sunni | followers of Umayyad; A political and theological division within Islam; Has majoirity of followers as compared to Shi'is (p.130) | |
| 228806716 | Baghdad | capital when Abbasids ruled near Ancient Persian Capital of Ctesiphon (p.135) | |
| 228806717 | Ramadan | 9th month in the Muslim calender in which Muslims must fast all day | |
| 228806718 | Ali | relative of Muhammad who is said to be the rightful leader of Muslims according to Shi'is; cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, a focus for Shi'is (.p.125) | |
| 228806719 | Abu-bakr | One of Muhammad's earlies converts, 1st successor to Muhammad as 1st Caliph to Islamic community (p.128) | |
| 228806720 | Khadijah | married Muhammad, older and wealthy (p.124) | |
| 228806721 | Five pillars of Islam | declaration of faith- "say it" pray 5 times a day- "pray it" pilgrimage to mecca- "go away" charity- "give away" Fast for Ramadan- "fast all day" | |
| 228806722 | Gabriel | delivers the message of Allah to Muhammad (p.124) | |
| 228806723 | Jizya | tax on Non-Muslims in Muslim Territories(p.131) | |
| 228806724 | Husayn | son of Ali, Muhammad's cousin, and his wife Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad and his first wife Khadijah | |
| 228806725 | Muhammad | last and greatest of the prophets, created principle of islam and muslim religion | |
| 228806726 | Yathrib | By degrees, Muhammad and his followers emigrated to this city, also known as Medina | |
| 228806727 | people of the book | Jews/Christians/Zoroastrians (Dhimmis) | |
| 228806728 | Abbasids | A dynasty that ruled much of the Muslim Empire from 750 to about 1250; moved capital to Baghdad, secular research, house of wisdom | |
| 228806729 | Abu Bakr | First caliph after death of muhammad. | |
| 228806730 | Muhammad | The Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) | |
| 228806731 | Quran | the holy book of Islam, recitations of revelations received by Muhammad (p.117) | |
| 228806732 | Mosque | Muslim house of worship | |
| 228806733 | Islam | the religion practiced by Muslims; Islam means "submission" (to the will of God) | |
| 228806734 | Allah | Muslim name for the one and only God (p.117) | |
| 228806735 | Baghdad | Capital city of Iraq. As heart of the Arab Empire, it was second only to Constantinople in terms of size. (P.135) | |
| 228806736 | Bedouins | Nomadic herders who used camels to cross the desert. | |
| 228806737 | Damascus | an ancient city (widely regarded as the world's oldest) and present capital and largest city of Syria | |
| 228806738 | Mecca | Located in Mountainous region aslong the red sea; Crossroads for merchants,site of Ka'Ba, founded by Umayyad clan of Quraysh, original home of Muhammad;location of chief religious point in Islam | |
| 228806739 | Pillars of Faith | Five Muslim duties, as described in the Quran. | |
| 228806740 | Umma | Community of the faithful with in Islam, transcended old political boundaries to creater degree of political unity (p.126) | |
| 228806741 | Mawali | non-Arab converts to Islam (p.131) | |
| 228806742 | Quraysh | The Tribe of Bedouins that controlled Mecca (p.121) | |
| 228806743 | Ridda Wars | Wars that followed Muhammad's death in 632, resulted in defeat of rival prophets and some of larger clans; restored unity in Islam (p.128) | |
| 228806744 | Battle of River Zab | Fought in 657CE between the forces of Ali and the Umayyads; settled by negotiation that led to fragmentation of Ali's party (p.130) | |
| 228806745 | Ka'Ba | the holiest place in Islam, a large cube building inside the al-Masjid al-Haram mosque in Mecca |
