From the AP Edition of World Civilizations: The Global Experience (Fifth Edition) is Chapter 8 Vocabulary. It is for my AP World History class at East Career & Technical Academy.
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| 36585409 | Stateless Societies | african societies organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority associated with states | 0 | |
| 36585410 | Maghrib | Arab word for western north Africa | 1 | |
| 36585411 | Almoravids | An Islamic Berber tribe from north Africa that believed it was their duty to purify, spread, and protect the religion of Islam; attacked Ghana in 1060 and moved southward against African kingdoms of the savanna and the westward into Spain | 2 | |
| 36585412 | Almohadis | a group of Islamic reformers who overthrew the Almoravid dynasty and established an empire in North Africa and Southern Spain in the 12th century AD | 3 | |
| 36585413 | Ethiopia | a Christian kingdom that developed in the highlands of eastern Africa under the dynasty of King Lalaibela; retained Christianity in the face of Muslim expansion elsewhere in Africa | 4 | |
| 36585414 | Lalibela | a king who preserved Christianity by supervising Christian monks under him building a number of huge, remarkable churches into sides of mountains to hide them | 5 | |
| 36585415 | Sahel | a strip of dry grasslands on the southern border of the Sahara; also known as "the shore of the desert" | 6 | |
| 36585416 | Sudanic States | kingdoms that developed during the height of Ghana's power from the Senegal river to the Niger River, including Mali and Songhay; states ruled by a patriarch or council of elders; rulers were considered sacred and separate from their subjects; when islam spread to this area, only Royals practiced it and it was not spread to the people. | 7 | |
| 36585417 | Mali | Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade. | 8 | |
| 36585418 | Juula | manlike merchants; formed small partnerships to carry out trade throughout Mali Empire; eventually spread throughout most of West Africa | 9 | |
| 36585419 | Mansa Kankan Musa | made a pilgrimage to Mecca during the 14th century that became legendary because of the wealth distributed along the way | 10 | |
| 36585420 | Ishak Al-Sahili | an architect who returned with Kankan Musa to Mali; created a distinctive Sudanic architecture utilizing beaten clay | 11 | |
| 36585421 | Sundiata | The Lion Prince; a member of the Keita clan; created a unified state that became the Mali Empire; died about 1260 | 12 | |
| 36585422 | Griots | Professional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali Empire | 13 | |
| 36585423 | Timbuktu | port city of Mali; located just off the flood plain on the great bend in the Niger River; population of 50,000; contained a library & university | 14 | |
| 36585424 | Sonhay | Successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Niger valley; formed as independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali | 15 | |
| 36585425 | Askia Muhammad | aka Mahammad the Great; during his reign the Songhai empire reached its height; devout Muslim; military commander; overthrow the son of Sunni Ali; created a new dynasty (Askia); expanded empire; maintained peace; appointed ministers; kept trade | 16 | |
| 36585426 | Hausa States | people of northern Nigeria formed these states; formed following the demise of the Songhay Empire & combined Muslim & pagan tradition | 17 | |
| 36585427 | Zanj | the arabian term for the east african coast | 18 | |
| 36585428 | East African Trading Ports | Urbaized commerical centers mixing African and Arab cultures, opened Africa up to Islamic as well as other influences; included Mogadishu, Mombasa, Malindi, Kilwa, Pate, Zanzibar | 19 | |
| 36585429 | Ibn Batuta | Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records | 20 | |
| 36585430 | Demographic Transition | shift to low birth rate, low infant death rate, stable population; first emerged in western Europe and United States in late 19th century | 21 | |
| 36585431 | Nok | West Africa's earliest known culture; lived in what is now Nigeria; between 500 B.C. and A.D. 200; first people known to smelt iron; fashioned iron into tools for farming and weapons for hunting | 22 | |
| 36585432 | Yoruba | city-states that developed in northern Nigeria; Ile-Ife had an artistic style similar to that of the Nok culture. ag society supported by peasantry; dominated by an aristocracy | 23 | |
| 36585433 | Ile-Ife | the holiest Yoruba city; created terra-cotta and bronze portrait heads that rank among the greatest achievements of African art | 24 | |
| 36585434 | Benin | Powerful city-state (in present-day Nigeria) which came into contact with the Portuguese in 1485 but remained relatively free European influence; important commercial and political entity until the 10th century | 25 | |
| 36585435 | Luba | a member of a Bantu people in southeastern Congo | 26 | |
| 36585436 | Kongo Kingdom | based on agriculture; formed on the lower Congo River by late 15th century; capital at Mbanza Kongo; ruled by hereditary monarchy | 27 | |
| 36585437 | Zimbabwe | Bantu confederation of Shona-speaking peoples located between Zambezi and Limpopo rivers; developed after 9th century; featured royal courts built of stone; created centralized state by 15th century; king took title of Mwene Mutapa | 28 | |
| 36585438 | Great Zimbabwe | Bantu confederation of Shona-speaking peoples located between Zambezi and Limpopo rivers; developed after 9th century; featured royal courts built of stone; created centralized state by 15th century; king took title of Mwene Mutapa | 29 | |
| 36585439 | Mwene Mutapa | King of Great Zimbabwe, helped them make a rapid expansion. dominated over sources of gold. representatives of it helped export textiles and impressed Europeans with iron weapons. | 30 |
