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Challenge B-Introductory Logic Lesson 12 Vocabulary Flashcards

5th edition

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4748725998Categorical StatementsStatements that either affirm or deny something about their subjects. They express a relationship between two classes of objects; the subject class (the class the subject belongs to) and the predicate class (the class the predicate belongs to)0
4748725999Four forms of categorical statements1. All S are P. (Universal; Affirmative) 2. No S are P. (Universal; Negative) 3. Some S are P. (Particular; Affirmative) 4. Some S are not P. (Particular; Negative) S stands for subject P stands for predicate1
4748726000Subject of a statementThe term being described or about which something is asserted2
4748726001Predicate of a statementthe term that describes or asserts something about the subject.3
4748726002Quantity of a statementThe scope of its claim about the extension of the subject (ie. how much of the subject is the statement talking about? All? Some? None? Can either be universal or particular.4
4748726003UniversalWhen a statement talks about the entire extension of the subject. (All or No)5
4748726004ParticularWhen a statement talks about only part of the extension (Some or Some...not)6
4748726005Quality of a statementThe positive or negative nature of its claim about the subject. Can either be affirmative or negative.7
4748726006AffirmativeA statement is this when it affirms or asserts something about the subject. (All or Some)8
4748726007NegativeA statement is this when it denies something of the subject. (No or Some...not)9
4748726008Rules for putting statements into standard categorical form1. The statements must begin with the words all, no or some. 2. The verb must be a verb of being (is, are, was, were, will be, etc.) 3. Both the subject and the predicate must be a noun or noun phrase.10

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