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Chapter 10: Ecological Restoration

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194673255balance of naturean environmental myth that states that the natural environment, when not influenced by human activity, will reach a constant status, unchanging over time, referred to as an equilibrium state
194673256chronic patchinessone species may replace another, or an individual of the first species may replace it, but no overall general temporal pattern is established; succession never occurs, and the species that enters first remains until the next disturbance.
194673257climax statethe final stage of ecological succession and therefore an ecological community that continues to reproduce itself over time
194673258early-successional speciesspecies that occur only or primarily during early stages of succession
194673259ecological successionthe gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established
194673260facilitationduring succession, one species prepares the way for the next (and may even be necessary for the occurrence of the next)
194673261interferenceearly successional species that prevent the entrance of late-successional species
194673262late-successional speciesspecies that occur only or primarily in, or are dominant in, late stages in succession
194673263life history differencedifferences in life histories of the species allow some to arrive first and grow quickly, while others arrive later and grow more slowly; example: seed dispersal
194673264primary successionthe initial establishment and development of an ecosystem; succession that begins in an area with no remnants of an older community
194673265restoration ecologyapplying ecological principles in an effort to return ecosystems that have been disturbed by human activity to a condition as similar as possible to their natural state
194673266secondary successionsuccession on a site where an existing community has been disrupted
194673267successional stagesthe various stages in the establishment and development of an ecosystem; includes the following stages: early, middle, late, and mature (climax)

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