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Chapter 12- Byzantium

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106373317Byzantiumthe Christian, Easter, Roman Empire, which lasted until 1453, when Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks. Constantine established it in AD 324, and called it the New Rome and it remained a united empire until Rome fell in AD 476
106373318Theocracya state ruled by divine guidance
106373319Iconsreligious images regarded as objects of veneration
106373320Iconoclasmthe destruction of religious images
106373321Iconophilepersons who favored the production of religious images as an aid to devotion
106373322Justinianthe founder of the New Rome which marks the beginning of the Byzantine Empire and the end of the Late Roman Empire. He codified the Roman law.
106373323Mysticismthe experience of union or direct communication with ultimate reality known as God or Spiritual Truth
106373324Pendentivesa set of curved triangles, which achieve the transition from a rectangular polygonal opening to the round base of a dome or a supporting drum
106373325Druma circular wall that supports a dome
106373326Squinchesa system shaped like an octagon that supports a dome using arches, corbels or lintels to bridge the corners of the supporting wall and from the octagon inscribed in the square.
106375093Chi-roa monogram of Christ
106375095Greek crossone in which the arms are equal
106375096Latin crosshas along vertical piece and shorter arms
106375097Pantocraterthe image of God as the Creator of the Universe
106375098Pillara generic term for a vertical support (column, pier or pilaster)
106375099Cupolaa drum with a shallow cap
106375100Gallerya second story over the side aisles of a church below the clerestory
106375101Altarpiecea panel, sculpted or painted, situated above and behind an altar
106375102Ambulatorythe passageway around apse and choir of a church
106375103Choirthe space reserved for the clergy and the singers in a church usually east of the transept but sometimes extending into the nave
106375104Cloisonnéa process of enameling by putting the ground glass into little cells mane of wires and fused in a kiln
106375105Hieratica fixed stylized method of representation, often determined by religious principles or ideas
106375106Mandorlaan almond shaped halo appearing around the head of a holy figure
106375107Psaltera book containing the Psalms
106375108Rotundacircular area under a dome

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