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| 233203244 | Constantine | Roman emperor (r. 312-337). After reuniting the Roman Empire, he moved the capital to Constantinople and made Christianity a favored religion. | 0 | |
| 233203245 | Sassanid Empire | The last pre-Islamic Persian Empire, from 224 to 651 CE. Was recognized as one of the two main powers in Western Asia and Europe alongside the Roman Empire and later the Byzantine Empire for a period of more than 400 years | 1 | |
| 233203246 | Caesaropapism | System in which the temporal ruler extends his own powers to ecclesiastical and theological matters. | 2 | |
| 233203247 | Justinian | Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code. | 3 | |
| 233203248 | Hagia Sophia | Most famous example of Byzantine architecture, it was built under Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in the world. | 4 | |
| 233203249 | Theme System | This system divided the Byzantine Empire into different districts that were each led by a general, they were created so that the military could respond quickly to attacks, also peasants who joined the army were given plots of land, thereby increasing the free peasant class. | 5 | |
| 233203250 | Liudprand of Cremona | An ambassador whom Otto sent on a diplomatic mission to Constantinople in 968, insulted Byzantium and its emperor. Strained relationships between the west and Byzantium | 6 | |
| 233203251 | Greens and Blues | Teams that fought in the Hippodrome and caused major social unrest. Caused social unrest, but also unity to protest taxes. | 7 | |
| 233203252 | Justinian's Code | An organized collection and explanation of Roman laws for use by the Byzantine Empire. | 8 | |
| 233203253 | Arians | A dissident branch of early Christianity, which did not accept Jesus Christ as equal to the Father; name for the Alexandrian priest Aruis. | 9 | |
| 233203254 | Iconoclasm | The breaking of images; a religious controversy of the 8th century; Byzantine emperor attempted, but failed, to surpres icon veneration. | 10 | |
| 233203255 | Emperor Leo II | The patriarch of Constantinople (r. 717-741) that promoted iconoclasm. | 11 | |
| 233203256 | St. Simeon Stylite | He lived on a pillar for 37 years. Most famous of the "pillar saints"; demonstrated ascetic commitments by perching on pillars for years at a time (5th century) | 12 | |
| 233203257 | St. Basil of Caesarea | Urged reforms of monasteries that increased their efficiency. Helped spread Christianity by increasing efficiency. | 13 | |
| 233203258 | Schism | THe separation between the two branches of Christianity in 1054 C.E. | 14 | |
| 233203259 | Basil II | Basil the "Bulgar-Slayer", conquered an expansive kingdom in the Balkans. | 15 | |
| 233203260 | Fourth Crusade | A war from 1202 to 1204 that was diverted into a battle for Constantinople and failed to recapture Jerusalem. | 16 | |
| 233203261 | Normans | People of Scandinavian descent who conquered areas of France, Southern Italy and Great Britain in 1066. | 17 | |
| 233203262 | Saljuqs | Turkish tribe that gained control over the Abbasid empire and fought with the Byzantine empire. | 18 | |
| 233203263 | Saints Cyril and Methodius | Two Byzantine Greek brothers born in 9th century. They take credit for making the Cyrillic alphabet that allowed Orthodox Christianity to spread. | 19 | |
| 233203264 | Prince Vladimir | Ruler of Kiev who converts to Eastern Orthodox Christianity rather than Roman Catholic; influenced Russians to convert to Orthodox Christianity. | 20 | |
| 233203265 | Belisarius | One of Justinian's most important military commanders during period of reconquest of Western Europe; commended in North Africa and Italy. | 21 |
