22369538 | divided government | one party controls the White House and another party controls on or both houses of Congress | |
22369539 | unified government | the same party controls the White House and both houses of Congress | |
22369540 | gridlock | the inability of the government to act because rival parties control different parts of the government | |
22369541 | electoral college | the people chosen to cast each state's votes in a presidential election. each state can cast one electoral vote for each senator and representative it has | |
22369542 | pyramid structure | a president's subordinates report to him through a clear chain of command headed by a chief of staff | |
22369543 | circular structure | several of the president's assistants report directly to him | |
22369544 | ad hoc structure | several subordinates, cabinet officers, and committees report directly to the president on different matters | |
22369545 | cabinet | the heads of the fifteen executive branch departments of the federal government | |
22369546 | bully pulpit | the president's use of his prestige and visibility to guide or enthuse the American public | |
22369547 | veto message | a message from the president to Congress stating that he will not sign a bill it has passed. must be produced within ten days of the bill's passage | |
22369548 | pocket veto | a bill fails to become law because the president did not sign it within ten days before Congress adjourns | |
22369549 | line-item veto | an executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature | |
22369550 | legislative veto | the authority of Congress to block a presidential action after it has take place. the supreme court has held that Congress does not have this power | |
22369551 | impeachment | charges against a president approved by a majority of the House of Representatives | |
22369552 | lame duck | a person still in office after he or she has lost a bid for reelection |
Chapter 14 (The Presidency) Vocabulary
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