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Chapter 15 Pearson Environmental Science Terms Flashcards

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9821564847AtmosphereThin layer of gases that surrounds Earth0
9821564848Relative HumidityThe ratio of water vapor the air contains to the maximum amount it could have at that temperature1
9821564849Air PressureThe force exerted by air on the area below it2
9821564850TroposphereThe lowest layer of the atmosphere, the one directly above the ground3
9821564851StratosphereThe layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere4
9821564852Ozone LayerOzone is concentrated in a portion of the stratosphere5
9821564853MesosphereAbove the stratosphere, the layer that extends 50-80 kilometers above sea level6
9821564854ThermosphereThe top layer, which begins about 80 kilometers above Earth's surface and extends upward into space7
9821564855RadiationThe transfer of energy through space8
9821564856ConductionThe transfer of heat directly between two objects that are in contact with one another9
9821564857ConvectionThe transfer of heat by the movement of currents within a fluid10
9821564858Convection Currenta current caused by the rising of heated fluid and sinking of cooled fluid11
9821564859Air MassA large body of air12
9821564860FrontThe boundary between air masses that differ in temperature and moisture13
9821564861Air PollutionThe release of damaging materials into the atmosphere14
9821564862EmissionsPollutants that are released into the air15
9821564863Fossil FuelsCarbon-containing fuels that formed millions of years ago from the remains of living things16
9821564864Primary Air PollutantPollutants released directly into the troposphere17
9821564865Secondary Air PollutantHarmful products produced when primary air pollutants react chemically with other substances18
9821564866SmogAn unhealthy mixture of air pollutants that may form over cities and nearby areas19
9821564867Temperature InversionThe condition in the troposphere in which a layer of cooler air lies beneath a layer of warmer air20
9821564868Acid Depositioncaused by sulfuric and nitric acids resulting in lowered pH of surface waters, also called acid rain21
9821564869Clean Air ActProtects and improves the quality of air in order to safeguard human health and the environment.22
9821564870Catalytic ConverterA device in a motor vehicle that reduces the amount of air pollutants in emissions23
9821564871ScrubberRemoves pollutants or changes them chemically before they leave factory smokestacks24
9821564872Ozone HoleThe area of lowered concentration over Antarctica that occurs every year from August until October25
9821564873Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)A family of chemical compounds containing chlorine, fluorine, and carbon.26
9821564874Montreal ProtocolIssued in 1987, it was a treaty requesting ozone substances to become depleted27

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