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Chapter 15: The Ecology of the West and South Flashcards

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3578501541Reservation PolicyUsing treaties, coercion, and military force, the government actively consolidated Native American societies. Viewed by the government as the best way to "civilize" the Indians0
3578503875Dawes Severalty Act (1887)An act that broke up Indian reservations and distributed land to individual households. Leftover land was sold for money to fund U.S. government efforts to "civilize" Native Americans. Of 130 million acres held in Native American reservations before the Act, 90 million were sold to non-Native buyers.1
3635197712Ghost DanceNative American religious movement that sought to preserve native culture. Dance led to trance-like state in which it was envisioned that white society would disappear. Was not a violent movement but was seen as rebellion by the U.S.2
3635237104Riparian RightsEnglish common law principle that stated only those that owned land along a river's bank could use the water. Did not allow for damming the river or diverting the water.3
3635257379Prior AppropriationWater rights system used in the West that gave the rights to whoever claimed it first.4
3635270873The California SolutionWater rights system used in California that was mostly based on riparianism, but allowed for appropriation. Allowed farmers to organize into districts and buy the rights to water.5
3635309658Newlands Reclamation ActAct that allowed the federal government to sell western public lands to individuals in parcels not to exceed 160 acres and use the money to fund irrigation projects.6
3635350941Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882Prohibited the immigration of Chinese workers.7
3635378986Conservation MovementMovement that called for the protection of nature. Resulted in the creation of Yellowstone National Park, the protection of other lands, such as Yosemite Valley, and forest reserves.8
3635618270Morril Land Grant Acts(1862) Gave each state federal lands to sell in order to finance agricultural research in public colleges. (1890) Aided more schools, including all black colleges.9
3635882152Hatch Act of 1887Provided agricultural experiment stations in every state.10

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