Chapter 16.3-16.5 Vocabulary for "Biological Science, 4th Ed." by Freeman. University of Pittsburgh Main Campus edition.
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| 309334934 | Ribosomes | Small cellular structures which synthesize proteins | |
| 309334935 | Polyribosome | Multiple ribosome attached to a singular mRNA as to increase the rate of protein production | |
| 309334936 | tRNA | RNA which transfers Aminoacids to a growing polypeptide chain in protein synthesis | |
| 309334937 | Translation | The process of turning mature-mRNA into a protein | |
| 309334938 | aminoacyl tRNA synthetases | Reaction which catalyzes an aminoacid to a tRNA structure, also known as "charging tRNA" | |
| 309334939 | Anticodons | Three-base pair codons on tRNA which bond with three-base pair codons on mRNA | |
| 309334940 | Wobble Hypothesis | Theory that amino acids can be specified by more than one codon, and that the third base position of a codon can typically shift with the amino acids staying regular | |
| 309334941 | E, P, A | Three sites of ribosome (X, Y, Z) | |
| 309334942 | A site | Site in ribosome which holds an aminoacyl tRNA | |
| 309334943 | P site | Site in ribosome whichs holds the tRNA with growing polypeptide attached | |
| 309334944 | E site | Site in ribosome which holds a tRNA that will exit | |
| 309334945 | Ribosome binding site | Region of mRNA which small ribosomal subunit bonds to (5'-AGGAGGU-3) | |
| 309334946 | Initiation factors | Proteins which bind to the Ribosome's small subunit prior to mRNA to permit mRNA from binding at the Ribosome Binding Site | |
| 309334947 | Translocation | Process by which mRNA is ratcheted through the ribosome by elongation factors | |
| 309334948 | Elongation Factors | Proteins which move the mRNA so that it ratchets through the ribosome in a 5'-3' direction | |
| 309334949 | Release Factor | Protein which fills the A site when translocation exposes a stop codon to the A site | |
| 309369597 | Seperated | transcription and translation are (seperated/unseperated) in Eukaryotes | |
| 309369598 | unseperated | transcription and translation are (seperated/unseperated) in Prokaryotes | |
| 309369599 | Hydrogen Bonds, Nitrogenous Bases | The "stem and loop" structure of tRNA is because _________ form between _________. (X,Y) | |
| 309369600 | Small subunit | Area of ribosome where mRNA is held in place during translation | |
| 309369601 | Large subunit | Area of ribosome where peptide bond formation takes place | |
| 309373448 | Post-translational modification | Steps by which polypeptide chain becomes a protein after translation occurs (Folding, addition of sugars, lipids, or phosphate groups, etc.) | |
| 309373449 | Molecular chaperones | Proteins which speed up protein folding |
