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| 170608063 | Cotton gin | Eli Whitney's invention that made the wide scale cultivation short-staple cotton possible | |
| 170608064 | Sir Walter Scott | A favorite southerner of elite southerners who helped idealize a fuedal society | |
| 170608065 | Plantation System | A system of agricultural production based on large-scale land ownership and the exploitation of labor and the environment. This system focused on the production of cash crops and utilized slave labor. | |
| 170608066 | Mountain Whites | Independent small farmers in the Appalacian Mountain Range, hated plantation owners and blacks, and viewed the impending Civil War as a "rich man's war, but a poor man's fight" | |
| 170608067 | Free Blacks in the South | Faced discrimination and legal oppression. In the South they were prevented from owning weapons, testifying in court, buying liquor, violating a curfew, or assembling outside of church. In the North they were prevented from voting, going to school, or becoming citizens. Some states prevented them from owning property and they were mostly hired only for menial work. | |
| 170608068 | Frederick Douglass | United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and lecturer in the North (1817-1895) | |
| 170608069 | Slave Auctions | A sale in which slaves were sold to planters who bid for them; slaves were treated as property, and sold in the same way that property was sold; at these sales, slaves worried most about becoming separated from their families | |
| 170608070 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1853 that highly influenced England's view on the American Deep South and slavery. This novel promoted abolition and intensified sectional conflict. | |
| 171158037 | Cotton Kingdom | Term for the South that emphasized its economic dependence on a single staple product | |
| 171158038 | "Peculiar Institution" | A euphemism for slavery and the economic ramifications of it in the American South. The term aimed to explain away the seeming contradiction of legalized slavery in a country whose Declaration of Independence states that "all men are created equal". It was one of the key causes of the Civil War. | |
| 171158039 | Denmark Vesey | United States freed slave and insurrectionist in South Carolina who was involved in planning an uprising of slaves and was hanged (1767-1822) | |
| 171158040 | Booker T. Washington | Prominent black American, born into slavery, who believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society, was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881. | |
| 171158041 | American Colonization Society | An organization founded in 1817 by antislavery reformers that called for gradual emancipation and removal of freed blacks to Africa | |
| 171158042 | Second Great Awakening | A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans. | |
| 171158043 | Charles Grandison Finney | An evangelist who was one of the greatest preachers of all time (spoke in New York City). He also made the "anxious bench" for sinners to pray and was was against slavery and alcohol. | |
| 171158044 | Theodore Dwight Weld | American abolitionist whose pamphlet Slavery As It Is (1839) inspired Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin". | |
| 171158045 | William Lloyd Garrison | Ardent abolitionist that fought against slavery for moral reasons. His influence brought many people to his standard, as well as to oppose him. He created the Anti-Slavery Society. argued for immediate and complete emancipation of all slaves and founded "The Liberator". | |
| 171158046 | David Walker | He was a black abolitionist who called for the immediate emancipation of slaves. He wrote the "Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World." It called for a bloody end to white supremacy. He believed that the only way to end slavery was for slaves to physically revolt. | |
| 171158047 | Sojourner Truth | United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883) | |
| 171158048 | Martin Delaney | One of the few black leaders to take seriously the notion of mass recolonization of Africa, in 189 he visited West Africa's Niger Valley seeking a suitable site for relocation | |
| 171158049 | Mason-Dixon Line | The Mason and Dixon line was perceived as a divider between free and slave states before the Civil War | |
| 171158050 | Free Soil Party | Formed in 1847 - 1848, dedicated to opposing slavery in newly acquired territories such as Oregon and ceded Mexican territory. | |
| 171158051 | Gag Resolution | Required all anti slavery appeals to be tabled without debate, endangered freedom of speech and the right of petition |
