Chapter 17 & 18 Vocabulary~
Terms : Hide Images
| 42855131 | Columbian Exchange | Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between New and Old Worlds. | 42855131 | |
| 42855132 | Council of the Indies | Institution responsible for supervising Spain's colonies in the Americas. | 42855132 | |
| 42855133 | Bartolome de Las Casas | Priest who was the most influential defender of the Amerindians. | 42855133 | |
| 42855134 | Potosi | In Bolivia. One of the richest silver mining centers and most populous cities in colonial Spanish America. | 42855134 | |
| 42855135 | Creoles | Colonial Spanish America, term used to describe someone of European descent born in the New World. Elsewhere in the Americas, term used to describe all nonnative peoples. | 42855135 | |
| 42855136 | Mestizo | Term used by Spanish authorities to describe someone of mixed Amerindian and European descendant. | 42855136 | |
| 42855137 | Mulatto | Term used in Spanish/Portuguese colonies to describe someone of mixed African and European descendant. | 42855137 | |
| 42855138 | Indentured servant | A migrant to British colonies in the Americas who paid for passage by agreeing to work for a set term ranging to 4-7 years. | 42855138 | |
| 42855139 | House of Burgesses | Elected assembly in colonial VA. | 42855139 | |
| 42855140 | Pilgrims | Group of English Protestant dissenters who established Plymouth Colony in MA to seek religious freedom after having lived briefly in the Netherlands. | 42855140 | |
| 42855141 | Puritans | English Protestant dissenters who believed that God presdestined souls to heaven/hell before birth. Founded MA Bay Colony. | 42855141 | |
| 42855142 | Iroquois Confederacy | An alliance of 5 NE Amerindian peoples that made decisions on military/diplomatic issues through a council of reps. | 42855142 | |
| 42855143 | New France | French colony in N. America (w/Quebec capital). Fell to the British. | 42855143 | |
| 42855144 | Coureurs de Bois | "Runners of the woods" French fur traders, many of mixed Amerindian heritage, who lived among and often married w/Amerindians of N. America. | 42855144 | |
| 42855145 | Tupac Amaru II | Member of INCA aristocracy who led a rebellion against Spanish authorities in PERU. Captured/executed. | 42855145 | |
| 42855146 | Atlantic System | Network of trading links that moved goods, wealth, people, and cultures around the Atlantic Ocean Basin. | 42855146 | |
| 42855147 | Atlantic Circuit | Network of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas that underlay the Atlantic system. | 42855147 | |
| 42855148 | Bornu | A powerful W. African kingdom at the S. edge of the Sahara in the Central Sudan, which was important in trans-Sasharn trade and in the spread of Islam. | 42855148 | |
| 42855149 | Chartered Companies | Groups of private investors who paid an annual fee to France and England in exchange for a monopoly over trade to the W. Indies colonies. | 42855149 | |
| 42855150 | Capitalism | Economic system of large financial institutions, banks, stock exchangeds, investment companies, that first developed in early Europe. Trading system of the early modern economy. | 42855150 | |
| 42855151 | Dutch West India Company | Trading company chartered by the Dutch govt to conduct its merchant's trade in the Americas and Africa. | 42855151 | |
| 42855152 | Driver | A priviledged male slave whose job was to ensure that a slave gang did its work on a plantation. | 42855152 | |
| 42855153 | Plantocracy | W. Indian colonies, the rich men who owned most of the slaves and most of the land. | 42855153 | |
| 42855154 | Seasoning | A difficult period of adjustment to new climtees, disease environments, and work routines, such as that experienced by the slaves newly arrived in the Americas. | 42855154 | |
| 42855155 | Songhai | A people, language, kingdom, and empire in W. Sudan in W. Africa. A major player in trans-Saharan trade. | 42855155 | |
| 42855156 | Manumission | Grant of legal freedom to an individual slave. | 42855156 | |
| 42855157 | Maroon | A slave who ran away from his/her master. A member of a community of runaway slaves in the W. Indies and S. America. | 42855157 | |
| 42855158 | Mercantilism | European govt policies designed to promote overseas trade between a country and its colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only w/their motherland country. | 42855158 | |
| 42855159 | Middle Passage | Part of the Atlantic Circuit involving the transportation of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas. | 42855159 | |
| 42855160 | Hausa | An agricultural/trading people of Sudan in W. Africa. Incorporated into the Songhai empire. Part of Sokoto caliphate. | 42855160 | |
| 42855161 | Royal African Company | A trading company chartered by the English govt to conduct its merchants' trade on the Atlantic coast of Africa. | 42855161 |
