Terms : Hide Images
| 57645059 | Capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership of capital | 0 | |
| 57645060 | mercantilism | an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests | 1 | |
| 57645061 | adam smith | Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790) | 2 | |
| 57645062 | hernan cortes | Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547) | 3 | |
| 57645063 | moctezuma | Aztec emperor defeated and killed by the Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortes. | 4 | |
| 57645064 | fransisco pizarro | Spanish explorer who led the conquest of the Inca Empire of Peru in 1531-1533. (p. 438) | 5 | |
| 57645065 | atahualpa | Last ruling Inca emperor of Peru. He was executed by the Spanish. (p. 438) | 6 | |
| 57645066 | encomienda system | priviledge given by Spain to Spanish settlers in the Americas which allowed to control the lands and people of a certain territory | 7 | |
| 57645067 | repartimiento system | required adult male Native Americans to devote a set number of days of labor anually to Spanish economic enterprises. PROBLEM- abused workers due to sense of urgency and exploitation | 8 | |
| 57645068 | Charles V | Holy Roman emperor (1519-1558) and king of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556). He summoned the Diet of Worms (1521) and the Council of Trent (1545-1563). | 9 | |
| 57645069 | Phillip II | The father of Alexander the Great; A king of Macedonia. | 10 | |
| 57645070 | martin luther | German theologian who led the Reformation | 11 | |
| 57645071 | indulgence | an inability to resist the gratification of whims and desires | 12 | |
| 57645072 | 95 thesis | written by Martin Luther in 1517, they are widely regarded as the primary catalyst for the Protestant Reformation. Luther used these theses to display his displeasure with some of the Church's clergy's abuses, most notably the sale of indulgences; this ultimately gave birth to Protestantism. | 13 | |
| 57645073 | john calvin | Swiss theologian (born in France) whose tenets (predestination and the irresistibility of grace and justification by faith) defined Presbyterianism (1509-1564) | 14 | |
| 57645074 | anglican | a Protestant who is a follower of Anglicanism | 15 | |
| 57645075 | council of trent | an ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church convened in Trento in three sessions between 1545 and 1563 in response to the Reformation | 16 | |
| 57645076 | jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism. | 17 | |
| 57645077 | ignatius loyola | Founded the Society of Jesus, resisted the spread of Protestantism, wrote Spiritual Exercises. | 18 | |
| 57645078 | elizabeth I | Queen of England from 1558 to 1603 | 19 | |
| 57645079 | spanish armada | the great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588 | 20 | |
| 57645080 | dutch east india company | Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. | 21 | |
| 57645081 | Louis XIV | king of France from 1643 to 1715 | 22 | |
| 57645082 | Napoleonic Wars | a series of wars fought between France (led by Napoleon Bonaparte) and alliances involving England and Prussia and Russia and Austria at different times | 23 | |
| 57645083 | Nation-state | A country | 24 | |
| 57645084 | serfdom | the state of a serf | 25 | |
| 57645085 | peter the great | czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government | 26 | |
| 57645086 | catherine the great | Empress of Russia who greatly increased the territory of the empire (1729-1796) | 27 | |
| 57645087 | ottoman empire | a Turkish sultanate of southwestern Asia and northeastern Africa and southeastern Europe | 28 | |
| 57645088 | mughal empire | Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. (p. 536) | 29 | |
| 57645089 | matteo ricci | An Italian Jesuit who by his knowledge of Astronomy and science was accepted as a missionary of China | 30 | |
| 57645090 | shogun | a hereditary military dictator of Japan | 31 | |
| 57645091 | samurai | feudal Japanese military aristocracy | 32 | |
| 57645092 | absolute monarch | ruler with complete control over the government and the lives of the people. | 33 | |
| 57645093 | agrarian | relating to rural matters | 34 | |
| 57645094 | cash crop | a readily salable crop that is grown and gathered for the market (as vegetables or cotton or tobacco) | 35 | |
| 57645095 | circumnavigate | travel around, either by plane or ship | 36 | |
| 57645096 | colonization | the act of colonizing | 37 | |
| 57645097 | commonwealth | a politically organized body of people under a single government | 38 | |
| 57645098 | demography | the branch of sociology that studies the characteristics of human populations | 39 | |
| 57645099 | divine right | belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god. | 40 | |
| 57645100 | monopoly | (economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller | 41 | |
| 57645101 | urbanization | the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban | 42 | |
| 57645102 | utopia | a book by Sir Thomas More (1516) describing the perfect society on an imaginary island | 43 | |
| 57645103 | akbar | Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. (p. 536) | 44 | |
| 57645104 | colombian exchange | the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas and Europe, Asia, and Africa | 45 | |
| 57645105 | counter reformation | the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected) | 46 | |
| 57645106 | reformation | a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches | 47 | |
| 57645107 | edict of nantes | 1598 - Granted the Huguenots liberty of conscience and worship. | 48 | |
| 57645108 | elizabeth I of england | She supported the northern protestant cause as a safeguard against Spain attacking England. She had her rival, Mary, Queen of Scots, beheaded. Elizabeth I of England succeeded Mary and reestablished Protestantism in England. (p.471-73, 494-96, 521) User-contributed | 49 | |
| 57645109 | Henry VIII | son of Henry VII and King of England from 1509 to 1547 | 50 | |
| 57645110 | Huguenots | French Protestants | 51 | |
| 57645111 | janissary corps | those Christian slaves who were not selected for the Ottoman bureaucracy served loyally instead in the Turkish army | 52 | |
| 57645112 | scientific method | a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses | 53 | |
| 57645113 | scientific revolution | an era between 16th and 18th centuries when scientists began doing research in a new way using the scientific method | 54 | |
| 57645114 | enlightenment | a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions | 55 | |
| 57645115 | suleiman the magnificent | greatest leader of the ottoman empire | 56 | |
| 57645116 | Dar Al Islam | an Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule | 57 | |
| 57645117 | Gazis | Ottoman warriors - given land, TIMAR, returned to Sultan after death--loyal only to Sultan User-contributed | 58 | |
| 57645118 | Sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life | 59 | |
| 57645119 | Madrasa | Muslim schools in Bangladesh and Pakistan | 60 | |
| 57645120 | Syncretism | the fusion of originally different inflected forms (resulting in a reduction in the use of inflections) | 61 | |
| 57645121 | sikhs | Nonviolent religous group that blended Buddhism, Hinduism and Sufism | 62 | |
| 57645122 | conurbation | an aggregation or continuous network of urban communities | 63 | |
| 57645123 | Thomas hobbes | English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679) | 64 | |
| 57645124 | John locke | English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704) | 65 | |
| 57645125 | glorious revolution | the revolution against James II | 66 | |
| 57645126 | english bill of rights | King William and Queen Mary accepted this document in 1689. It guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently. By accepting this document, they supported a limited monarchy, a system in which they shared their power with Parliament and the people. | 67 | |
| 57645127 | Parliament | a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as their sevens | 68 | |
| 57645128 | Social contact | an agreement among the people to set up a governmetnt and obey the laws. | 69 | |
| 57645129 | Empiricism | medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings | 70 | |
| 57645130 | copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543) | 71 | |
| 57645131 | heliocentric theory | planets revolve around the sun | 72 | |
| 57645132 | Geocentric theory | Earth is the center of the universe. Aristotelian. | 73 | |
| 57645133 | galileo galilei | Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars | 74 | |
| 57645134 | issac newton | mathematician, made gravity laws and the laws of motion | 75 | |
| 57645135 | voltaire | French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778) | 76 | |
| 57645136 | enlightened despotism | philosophes inspired and supported reforms of Enlightened despots-believed absolute rulers should promote good of people-religious toleration, streamlined legal codes, increased access to education, reduction or elimination of torture and death penalty | 77 | |
| 57645137 | capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership of capital | 78 | |
| 57645138 | mercantilism | an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests | 79 | |
| 57645139 | adam smith | Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790) | 80 | |
| 57645140 | hernan cortes | Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547) | 81 | |
| 57645141 | moctezuma II | Last Aztec emperor, overthrown by the Spanish conquistador Hern?n Cort?s. (p. 437) | 82 | |
| 57645142 | Francisco Pizarro | Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541) | 83 | |
| 57645143 | Atahualpa | Last ruling Inca emperor of Peru. He was executed by the Spanish. (p. 438) | 84 | |
| 57645144 | charles V | Holy Roman emperor (1519-1558) and king of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556). He summoned the Diet of Worms (1521) and the Council of Trent (1545-1563). | 85 | |
| 57645145 | Phillip II | The father of Alexander the Great; A king of Macedonia. | 86 | |
| 57645146 | John Calvin | Swiss theologian (born in France) whose tenets (predestination and the irresistibility of grace and justification by faith) defined Presbyterianism (1509-1564) | 87 | |
| 57645147 | Jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism. | 88 | |
| 57645148 | 95 thesis | written by Martin Luther in 1517, they are widely regarded as the primary catalyst for the Protestant Reformation. Luther used these theses to display his displeasure with some of the Church's clergy's abuses, most notably the sale of indulgences; this ultimately gave birth to Protestantism. | 89 | |
| 57645149 | nation-state | A country | 90 | |
| 57645150 | peter the great | czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government | 91 | |
| 57645151 | ottoman empire | a Turkish sultanate of southwestern Asia and northeastern Africa and southeastern Europe | 92 | |
| 57645152 | serfdom | the state of a serf | 93 | |
| 57645153 | cash crop | a readily salable crop that is grown and gathered for the market (as vegetables or cotton or tobacco) | 94 | |
| 57645154 | commonwealth | a politically organized body of people under a single government | 95 | |
| 57645155 | Demography | the branch of sociology that studies the characteristics of human populations | 96 | |
| 57645156 | divine rights | Monarch enjoyed god given power, nothing but god is higher than the king | 97 | |
| 57645157 | monopoly | (economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller | 98 | |
| 57645158 | urbanization | the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban | 99 | |
| 57645159 | henry VII | first Tudor king of England from 1485 to 1509 | 100 | |
| 57645160 | Scientific method | a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses | 101 | |
| 57645161 | akbar | Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. (p. 536) | 102 | |
| 57645162 | john locke | English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704) | 103 | |
| 57645163 | Social contact | an agreement among the people to set up a governmetnt and obey the laws. | 104 | |
| 57645164 | copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543) | 105 | |
| 57645165 | voltaire | French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778) | 106 | |
| 57645166 | syncretism | the fusion of originally different inflected forms (resulting in a reduction in the use of inflections) | 107 |
