Terms : Hide Images
| 301192559 | Ausgleich | the "Compromise" of 1867 that created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary | 0 | |
| 301192560 | Balance of power | a distribution of power among several states such that no single nation can dominate or interfere with the interests of another, usually the foundation of British foreign policy | 1 | |
| 301192561 | Bourgeoisie | middle class | 2 | |
| 301192562 | Caudillos | Latin American autocratic leaders who rose after independence | 3 | |
| 301192563 | Conservatism | an ideology based on tradition and social stability that favored the maintenance of established institutions, organized religion, and obedience to authority and resisted change, especially abrupt change | 4 | |
| 301192564 | Cottage industry | a system of textile manufacturing in which spinners and weaves worked at home in their cottages using raw materials supplied to them by capitalist entrepreneurs, formerly known as "putting-out" or "domestic" system | 5 | |
| 301192565 | "Eastern question" | question that worried European diplomats in regards to the decline of Ottoman Turkey and the potential concomitant expansion of Russia into the Balkans | 6 | |
| 301192566 | Entrepreneur | one who organizes, operates, and assumes the risk in a business venture in the expectation of making a profit | 7 | |
| 301192567 | Gothic literature | exaggerated form of Romanticism, deep attraction to exotic and unfamiliar | 8 | |
| 301192568 | Intervention, principle of | the idea, after the Congress of Vienna, that the Congress of Vienna, that the great powers of Europe had the right to send armies into countries experiencing revolution to restore legitimate monarchs to their thrones | 9 | |
| 301192569 | Legitimacy, principle of | the idea that after the Napoleonic wars peace could best be reestablished in Europe by restoring legitimate monarchs who would preserve traditional institutions | 10 | |
| 301192570 | Liberalism | an ideology based on the belief that people should be as free from restraint as possible | 11 | |
| 301192571 | Limited (constitutional) monarchy | a system of government in which the monarch is limited by a representative assembly and by the duty to rule in accordance with the laws of the land | 12 | |
| 301192572 | Puddling | system developed by Henry Cort, coke used to burn away impurities in pig iron | 13 | |
| 301192573 | Realism | reaction to Romanticism, art genre that wanted to deal with ordinary characters from actual life | 14 | |
| 301192574 | Realpolitik | "politics of reality," associated with Otto von Bismarck's admonition about "blood and iron" | 15 | |
| 301192575 | Romanticism | European intellectual movement, emphasized emotion and sentiment, inner feelings understandable only to the person experiencing them | 16 | |
| 301192576 | Tories | British political party now known as Conservatives | 17 | |
| 301192577 | Trade union | an association of workers in the same trade, formed to help members secure better wages, benefits, and working conditions | 18 | |
| 301192578 | Utopian socialism | represented by Robert Owen, desire to get away from industrial society to set up perfect community based on socialist ideals | 19 | |
| 301192579 | Whigs | British political party now known as Liberals | 20 | |
| 301192580 | Abstract painting | complete rejection of "visual reality" in art | 21 | |
| 301192581 | Anti-Semitism | hostility or discrimination against Jews | 22 | |
| 301192582 | Bicameral legislature | a legislature with two houses | 23 | |
| 301192583 | Capital | material wealth used or available for use in the production of more wealth | 24 | |
| 301192584 | Class struggle | basis of Marx's view of history, which was essentially a contest between different social classes for control of the means of production | 25 | |
| 301192585 | Dialectic | In Marxist thought the process by which all change occurs through the clash of antagonistic elements | 26 | |
| 301192586 | Evolutionary socialism | a socialist doctrine espoused by Eduard Bernstein who argued that socialists should stress cooperation and evolution to attain power by democratic means | 27 | |
| 301192587 | Feminism | the belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes | 28 | |
| 301192588 | Functionalism | architectural expression of Modernism, building should reflect their function, art and engineering to be unified | 29 | |
| 301192589 | General strike | a strike by all or most workers in an economy | 30 | |
| 301192590 | Impressionism | artistic genre, rejection of attempt to reflect reality as accurately as possible, instead the emphasis is on expressing the impression | 31 | |
| 301192591 | Laissez-faire | "to let alone", an economic doctrine that holds that an economy is best served when the government does not interfere but allows the economy to self-regulate | 32 | |
| 301192592 | Limited (constitutional ) monarchy | a system of government in which the monarch is limited by a representative assembly and by the duty to rule in accordance with the laws of the land | 33 | |
| 301192593 | Marxism | the political, economic, and social theories of Karl Marx, which included the idea that history is the story of class struggle and that ultimately the proletariat will overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a dictatorship en route to a classless society | 34 | |
| 301192594 | Mass education | a state-run educational system, usually free and compulsory that aims to ensure that all children in society have at least a basic education | 35 | |
| 301192595 | Mass leisure | forms of leisure that appeal to large numbers of people in a society including the working classes; emerged at the end of the nineteenth century to provide workers with amusements after work and on weekends; used during the twentieth century by totalitarian states to control their populations. | 36 | |
| 301192596 | Mass politics | a political order characterized by mass political parties and universal male and (eventually) female suffrage | 37 | |
| 301192597 | Mass society | a society in which the concerns of the majority-the lower classes-play a prominent role; characterized by extension of voting rights, an improved standard of living for the lower classes, and mass education. | 38 | |
| 301192598 | Materialism | the belief that everything mental, spiritual, or ideal is an outgrowth of physical forces and that truth is found in concrete material existence, not through feeling or intuition | 39 | |
| 301192599 | Militarism | a policy of aggressive military preparedness; in particular, the large armies based on mass conscription and complex, inflexible plans for mobilization that most European nations had before World War I. | 40 | |
| 301192600 | Modernism | the new artistic and literary styles that emerged in the decades before 1914 as artists rebelled against traditional efforts to portray reality as accurately as possible (leading to Impressionism and Cubism) and writers explored new forms. | 41 | |
| 301192601 | Nation-state | a form of political organization in which a relatively homogeneous people inhabits a sovereign state, as opposed to a state containing people of several nationalities | 42 | |
| 301192602 | Nationalism | sense of national consciousness based on awareness of being part of a community-a nation-that has common institutions, traditions, language, and customs and that becomes the focus of the individual's primary political loyalty | 43 | |
| 301192603 | Political democracy | a form of government characterized by universal suffrage and mass political parties. | 44 | |
| 301192604 | Proletariat | the industrial working class. In Marxism, the class who will ultimately overthrow the bourgeoisie | 45 | |
| 301192605 | Psychoanalysis | associated with Freud, process to delve deeply into the memory of the patient in order to understand the chain of repression | 46 | |
| 301192606 | Relativity theory | Einstein's theory, space and time are not absolute but instead relative to the observer | 47 | |
| 301192607 | Revisionism | a socialist doctrine that rejected Marx's emphasis on class struggle and revolution and argued instead that workers should work through political parties to bring about gradual change | 48 | |
| 301192608 | Revolutionary socialism | the socialist doctrine espoused by Georges Sorel who held that violent action was the only way to achieve the goals of socialism | 49 | |
| 301192609 | Social Darwinism | the application of Darwin's principle of organic evolution to the social order; led to the belief that progress comes from the struggle for survival as the fittest advance and the weak decline | 50 | |
| 301192610 | Social security/social insurance | government programs that provide social welfare measures such as old age pensions and sickness, accident, and disability _insurance | 51 | |
| 301192611 | Socialism | an ideology that calls for collective or government ownership of the means of production and the distribution of goods | 52 | |
| 301192612 | Sphere of influence | a territory or region over which an outside nation exercises political or economic influence | 53 | |
| 301192613 | Suffrage | the right to vote, especially seen in the efforts to expand the vote to women | 54 | |
| 301192614 | Surplus value | in Marxism, the difference between a product's real value and the wages of the worker who produced the product | 55 | |
| 301192615 | Symbolists | artistic genre of Modernism, objective knowledge of the object was impossible, external world was only a collection of symbols that reflects true reality of object | 56 | |
| 301192616 | Utopian socialists | intellectuals and theorists in the early nineteenth century who favored equality in social and economic conditions and wished to replace private property and competition with collective ownership and cooperation; deemed impractical and utopian by later socialists. | 57 | |
| 301192617 | Welfare state | a social/political system in which the government assumes the primary responsibility for the social welfare of its citizens by providing such things as social security, unemployment benefits, and health care. | 58 | |
| 301192618 | Zionism | an international movement that called for the establishment of a Jewish state or a refuge for Jews in Palestine | 59 |
