AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

CHapter 18-20 History study guide Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
137748658AsianMuch of the territory added to the Russian empire was...0
137748659Ivan IIIRussian ruler who freed a large part of Russia from Mongol control in the 15th century.1
137748660Ivan the Greatclaimed that Russia had succeeded the Roman and the Byzantine Empires as the "Third Rome".2
137748661Cossackspeasants that were recruited to migrate to newly seized lands in the Russian Empire.3
137748662Romanov familychosen in 1613 to establish a new ruling dynasty in Russia.4
137748663Alexis Romanovtsar responsible for the abolition of the assemblies of the nobles and reform of the Orthodox church.5
137748664The Old BelieversRussians who refused to accept tsarist reforms of the Orthodox church.6
137748665Peter the Greatunder his reign, Russia went to war with Sweden and, as a result, gained territory on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea.7
137748666Baltic Seabecame critical to the development of Russian power during the reign of Peter the Great.8
137748667Catherine the Greatpowerful ruler of Russia following Peter the Great.9
137748668Alaska, parts of Siberia, and the Pacific coast of North AmericaTerritories colonized or claimed by the Russian Empire during the reign of Catherine the Great.10
1377486691649Russian serfdom became hereditary.11
137748670Pugachevcossack that led a peasant rebellion in Russia in the 1770s.12
137748671Characteristics of both Europe and Russiarigid serfdom, dominant aristocracy, and the lack of a native commercial class with an urban culture.13
137748672Characteristics of Iberian societyheavy urbanization, slaveholding traditions, emphasis on nobility, and emphasis on patriarchal ideals.14
137748673HispaniolaWhat was the first Spanish colony established in the New World?15
137748674encomiendasgrants of Indians to individual Spaniards as a labor system.16
137748675the SpanishWho created the models that were applied throughout their possessions in the New World in the Caribbean?17
137748676American cities were laid out on a grid plan.What was the difference between Spanish American cities and those from Europe?18
137748677Hernan Cortezman responsible for the conquest of the Aztec Empire in Mexico.19
137748678Indian nobilityan institution that was retained by the Spanish to serve European administrative purposes.20
137748679mitaIndian labor extracted through local officials replaced the labor of the encomienda.21
137748680Potosilocation of the greatest silver mine.22
137748681by the development of galleonsHow was the Spanish convoy system that controlled trade with the Americas made possible?23
137748682Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494divided the world into spheres of influence belonging to Portugal and Castile.24
137748683Catholic churchintroduced universities, the construction of baroque churches, and the printing press to American life.25
137748684Pedro Alvares CabralThe first landfall in the colony of Brazil took place in 1500 under who?26
137748685one-halfBy 1700, slaves comprised ______ of the Brazilian population.27
137748686The Spanish empire was almost exclusively American, while the Portuguese Empire included colonies and outposts in Asia, Africa and Brazil.What was the primary difference between the Spanish and Portuguese empires?28
137748687slavesAfrican contribution to the Colombian Exchange.29
137748688Portugalthe European nation that established direct contact with black Africa.30
137748689AsianMuch of the territory added to the Russian empire was ____.31
137748690El Minaone of the early Portuguese trade forts that was the most important.32
137748691KongoAfrican kingdom that most successfully converted to Christianity by the Portuguese missionaries.33
137748692slavery in Europedied out by 1450 except along the military frontier between Christians and Muslims in the Mediterranean.34
137748693The development of sugar plantations on the Atlantic islands of Madeira and the Canaries.What led to the intensification of the Portuguese involvement in the African slave trade?35
137748694Brazilreceived more slaves in the Americas than any other region between 1550 and 1850.36
137748695trans-Saharan slave tradeconcentrated on women.37
137748696Atlantic slave tradeconcentrated on young men.38
137748697impact of slave trade on Africaskewed the population of central Africa in favor of a disproportional number of women.39
13774869818th centuryWhen did Atlantic slave trade reach it's zenith in terms of Africans exported?40
137748699the BritishWho organized their shipment of slaves to the Americas by chartering the Royal African Company and giving it a monopoly over the shipment of slaves to the colonies in the Americas.41
137748700Triangular Tradethe term utilized for the commercial arrangement by which African slaves were shipped to the Americas, sugar and tobacco were carried to Europe, and European manufactured goods were transported to Africa.42
137748701Portuguese, Ottoman TurksOn the east coast of Africa, the Swahili trading cities continued their commerce with the Indian Ocean with both the ______ & the _______ _____.43
137748702Shaka1818, assumed the leadership of the Zulu chiefdom of the Nguni people of southern Africa.44
137748703William WilberforceBritish opponent of the slave trade.45

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!