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Chapter 18 Study Guide Flashcards

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292449118Which of the following does NOT describe the Dutch West India Company?** a) it was never very profitable b) It seized sugar-producing areas in Brazil c) it shipped slaves to Brazil d) it paid stockholders huge dividends e) it was a private trading company0
292449119Which area best illustrates the dramatic transformation that sugar brought to the 17th century caribbean?e) Barbados1
292449120In the 17th- century Caribbean, indentured servants cost ________ as much as slaves.c) half as much2
292449121How did France and England expand their Caribbean holdings?c) by attacking older Spanish colonies3
292449122The French plantation economies were considered "more diverse" because they also produced ______.a) coffee and cacao4
292449123Sugar plantations caused environmental damage through _______.b) soil exhaustion and deforestation5
292449124Where would slave children most likely be found working?c) in "grass gangs" doing simple, lighter, work.6
292449125In the 18th century, West Indian plantations were controlled by a plantocracy, a _______.b) small number of rich men who owned the land and slaves.7
292449126Men outnumbered women on Caribbean plantations because ____.a) twice as many men were imported.8
292449127"Drivers" were typically _____.d) male slaves.9
292449128Manumission permitted slaves toc) purchase or receive their freedom from slavery.10
292449129Life expectancy for 19th-century Brazilian male slaves was ____.b) 23 years11
292449130Most slaves died of _____.b) disease12
292449131Which was NOT a method used to curtail African cultural traditions by European planters?a) Learning colonial languages b) converting to Christianity c) mixing slaves from different parts of Africa **d) mandatory primary education e) all of these13
292449132Which maroon community first signed treaties recognizing their independent status as runaway slaves?a) Jamaica14
292449133To reduce the risks of overseas trading, companies ______.a) bought insurance15
292449134The English Navigation Acts in the 1660s were meant to ______.a) confine trade to English ships and cargoes.16
292449135While the British system of mercantilism was defined by the Navigation Acts, the French system used laws known as:c) Exclusif17
292449136The "clockwise" network of trade in the Atlantic was the:e) Atlantic Circuit18
292449137During the first 150 years after the European discovery of the Americans, how many Africans were transported in the Atlantic slave trade?a) 800,00019
292449138During the "sugar boom" from 1650 to 1800, _________ slaves were transported.d) 7.5 million20
292449139What was the principal cause of mortality aboard Atlantic slave ships?c) disease21
292449140Africans who provided slaves to Europeans most often preferred to receive in return:d) guns and textiles22
292449141The African state most dependent on slave trade was:b) Dahomey23
292449142In the 18th-century, what was the major source of slaves in the interior of the Bight of Biafra?a) Kidnapped people24
292449143The greatest source for slaves for the Atlantic trade was from:d) Angola25
292449144Most slaves in the Islamic world werec) soldiers and servants26
292449145Islamic law prohibited the enslavement of:d) Muslims27
292449146The majority of AfFRICAN slaves in the Islamic world were:d) women for concubines and servants28
292449147Both Muslims and Europeans obtained slaves from sub-Saharan Africa, but _____.a) the Islamic trade was much smaller29
292449148Which is not true of population loss in Africa as a result of the slave trade?a) areas near the Slave Coast lost a disproportionate number of people. **b) Population loss was uniform across all areas of west Africa c) Even at the peak of the trade, the population of Africa remained large. d) New foods from the Americans helped to offset population losses due to the slave trade e) Population loss was reduced by the fact that more men than women were traded into slavery.30

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