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| 297685971 | Columbian Exposition | hosted in Chicago or "the white city", people went to see the progress of American civilization as represented by new industrial technologies and by the architects' grand visions of an ideal urban environment | |
| 297685972 | Old Immigrants | 1880s, mostly from Britian, Germany, Ireland, Scandinavia, Holland, mostly Protestant while the Irish and Germans were Catholic, they spoke English and had a high level of literacy and occupational skills, settled in NY and Boston, could blend in through "WASP" | |
| 297706813 | New Immigrants | 1890 to 1915, a second wave of immigrants who were mostly Greek, Italian, Turkish, Russian, Romanian and Austro-Hungarian, most were illiterate, Roman Catholic or Jewish, crowded in poor ethnic neighborhoods in NY and Chicago | |
| 297784581 | Statue of Liberty | 1886 by French sculptor Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi | |
| 297784582 | Chinese Exclusion Act | ban on all new immigrants from China | |
| 297784583 | Ellis Island | immigration center | |
| 297784584 | American Protective Association | nativist society openly prejudiced against Roman Catholics | |
| 297784585 | Urbanization | for the first time, more Americans lived in urban communities than in rural areas | |
| 297784586 | Streetcar Cities | people could live farther away from their jobs and take a streetcar to work, cities could expand outward | |
| 297784587 | Mass Transportation | segregated urban workers by income | |
| 297784588 | Skyscrapers | Chicago Styles: -William Le Baron Jenney "Father of Skyscrapers" -blocks, as wide as they were tall NY Style: -taller with decorations on top | |
| 297784589 | Ethnic Neighborhoods | poor moved into city centers, 4000 people per city block, landlords divided up spaces into tiny , windowless rooms | |
| 297784590 | Ghettos | ethnic neighborhoods | |
| 297784591 | Suburbs | Upper and middle class citizens moved out to escape the problems of the city | |
| 297784592 | Frederic Law Olmsted | landscape architect designed a suburban community, "a village in a park" | |
| 297784593 | Political Machines | tightly organized groups of politicians | |
| 297784594 | Party Boss | the top politician who gave orders and doled out job to supporters | |
| 297784595 | Henry George | SanFran journalist, wrote "Progress and Poverty" which proposed placing a single tax on land as a solution to poverty | |
| 297784596 | Edward Bellamy | wrote "Looking Backward", described a future society where poverty and crime was eliminated | |
| 297784597 | Jane Addams | established Hull House in Chicago, a settlement house | |
| 297784598 | Settlement Houses | young reformers hoped to relieve poverty by establishing houses to provide social services | |
| 297784599 | Social Gospel | the importance of applying CHristian principals to social problems | |
| 297784600 | Walter Rauschenbusch | wrote books urging organized religions to take up the cause of social injustice | |
| 297784601 | Dwight Moody | founded the Moody Bible Institute in Chicago to help people adapt traditional Christianity to city life | |
| 297784602 | Salvation Army | from England, provided the basic necessities for the homeless and the poor | |
| 297784603 | Mary Baker Eddy | taught good health was the result of correct thinking about "Father Mother God", founded Christian Science | |
| 297784604 | National American Women's Sufferage Association | Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, Wyoming was the first state to grant full sufferage to women in 1869 | |
| 297784605 | Women's Christian Temperance Movement | Frances E. Willard of Illinois, advocated total abstinence of alcohol | |
| 297784606 | Antisaloon League | political force, had 21 states close down all saloons and bars | |
| 297784607 | Anthony Comstock | founded the Society for the Suppression of Vice to be the watchdog of American morals | |
| 297784608 | Carry A. Nation | raided saloons and smashed barrels of beer with her hatchet | |
| 297784609 | Charles W. Eliot | president of Harvard, reduced the number of required courses and increased the amount of electives | |
| 297784610 | Johns Hopkins University | founded in Baltimoreas the first institution to specialize in advanced graduate studies | |
| 297784611 | Oliver Wendell Holmes | taught that the law should evolve with the times | |
| 297784612 | Lester F. Ward | a sociologist influenced by evolutionary theory | |
| 297784613 | Clarence Darrow | lawyer who argued criminal behavior could be caused by a person's environment of poverty and neglect | |
| 297784614 | W. E. B. du Bois | first AA to recieve a doctrine from Harvard, advocated for black rights | |
| 297784615 | Bret Harte | writer, depicted life in rough mining camps | |
| 297784616 | William Dean Howells | "The Rise of Silas Lapham" and "A Hazard of New Fortunes", considered the problems of unequal wealth in society | |
| 297784617 | Mark Twain | first great realist author, wrote "Huck FInn" and depicted the greed and racism in American society | |
| 297784618 | Stephen Crane | "Maggie:A Girl of the Streets" showed how a brutal environment could affect young people | |
| 297784619 | Jack London | CA writer about the conflict between nature and civilization "The Call of the Wild" | |
| 297784620 | Theodore Dreiser | novel about a poor girl working in Chicago, "Sister Carrie" | |
| 297818787 | Winslow Homer | painted seascapes and watercolors in a matter-of-fact way | |
| 297818788 | Thomas Eakins | painted the everyday lives of working men and women | |
| 297818789 | James McNeill Whistler | born in MA, went to Europe, focused on color, painted "Whistler's Mother" | |
| 297818790 | Mary Cassatt | French impressionism | |
| 297818791 | Ashcan School of Art | scenes of everyday life in urban areas | |
| 297818792 | Armory Show | abstract art paintings displayed, upsetting | |
| 297818793 | Henry Hobson Richardson | Romanesque style of architecture using massive stones and arches | |
| 297818794 | Louis Sullivan | Father of Skyscrapers, form follows function | |
| 297818795 | Frank Lloyd Wright | organic style of architecture | |
| 297818796 | Daniel Burnham | revived classical Roman and Greek architecture | |
| 297818797 | Frederick Law Olmsted | planned scenic streets and Central Park | |
| 297818798 | John Phillip Sousa | wrote popular marches | |
| 297818799 | Jelly Roll Morton | jazz musician | |
| 297818800 | Buddy Bolden | jazz musician | |
| 297818801 | Scott Joplin | ragtime | |
| 297818802 | Joseph Pulitzer | newspaper "NY World" | |
| 297818803 | William Randolph Hearst | NY publisher, wrote about scandal | |
| 297818804 | P. T. Barnum/James A. Bailey | circus performers | |
| 297818805 | Buffalo Bill/Annie Oakley | Wild West shows | |
| 297818806 | John L. Sullivan | heavy weight boxer | |
| 297818807 | Sports | rise in popularity | |
| 297818808 | Cultural Diversity | AAs discriminated against and kept out of sports clubs |
