campbell reece 7th edition
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| 51879477 | Capsid | The protein "head" of a virus where its genetic information is held. | 0 | |
| 51879478 | Viral envelope | 9. A membrane surrounding the capsid which can contain host cell phospholipids or membrane proteins. | 1 | |
| 51879479 | Bacteriophages | Viruses that infect bacteria. These have the most complex capsids. | 2 | |
| 51879480 | Host range | The types of cells which a virus can infect | 3 | |
| 51879481 | Lytic cycle | Phage reproduction that kills the host cell. | 4 | |
| 51879482 | Virulent phage | Phage which can only reproduce through lytic cycle | 5 | |
| 51879483 | restriction enzyme | Enzymes which cut up foreign DNA | 6 | |
| 51879484 | Lysogenic cycle | The method by which a virus reproduces without destroying the host cell. | 7 | |
| 51879485 | Temperate phages | A virus capable of lytic or lysogenic cycles | 8 | |
| 51879486 | Prophage | A virus which can insert its DNA into a host cell's genome without replacing it | 9 | |
| 51879487 | Retroviruses | RNA animal viruses which have complicated reproductive cycles. | 10 | |
| 51879488 | Reverse transcriptase | Enzyme which transcribes RNA templates into DNA | 11 | |
| 51879489 | HIV | Retrovirus that causes AIDs | 12 | |
| 51879490 | AIDS | Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | 13 | |
| 51879491 | Provirus | The integrated viral DNA from a prophage | 14 | |
| 51879492 | Vaccine | Harmless derivatives of pathogenic microbes that can "teach" the immune system to resist actual pathogens. | 15 | |
| 51879493 | Prion | Infectious proteins which can cause brain diseases in animals | 16 | |
| 51879494 | Nucleoid | A dense region of DNA that is not bound by a nucleus | 17 | |
| 51879495 | Transformation | Alteration of a bacteria cell's genetic information by DNA from the environment | 18 | |
| 51879496 | Transduction | Process by which phages carry bacteria genes from one host to another | 19 | |
| 51879497 | Conjugation | The transfer of DNA from one bacterial cell to another while they are temporarily joined | 20 | |
| 51879498 | F factor | Piece of DNA which enables conjugation | 21 | |
| 51879499 | Plasmid | Small circular DNA molecule separate from bacterial chromosome | 22 | |
| 51879500 | Episome | Genetic element that can replicate as part of the chromosome or independently | 23 | |
| 51879501 | F plasmid | Plasmid form of the F factor | 24 | |
| 51879502 | R plasmids | Plasmids which confer the ability to resist certain antibiotics | 25 | |
| 51879503 | Transposable elements | Pieces of DNA which can move in the genome | 26 | |
| 51879504 | Insertion sequences | Single gene transposable elements which codes for transposase that catalyzes movement of insertion sequence from one site to another in the genome | 27 | |
| 51879505 | Transposons | Transposable elements longer than insertion sequences. | 28 | |
| 51879506 | Operator | A switch in DNA which can turn on or off a segment of related genes. | 29 | |
| 51879507 | Repressor | Binds to an operator and blocks attachment of RNA polymerase | 30 | |
| 51879508 | Regulatory gene | Gene which codes for a repressor. | 31 | |
| 51879509 | Corepressor | Small molecule that turns operons off by working with a repressor protein | 32 | |
| 51879510 | Inducer | Molecule which inactivates a repressor | 33 | |
| 51879511 | cyclic AMP | Accumulates when glucose is scarce and helps to regulate the production of lactose-utilizing enzymes | 34 | |
| 51879512 | Activator | Causes an inactive protein to become active | 35 |
