Early Latin America
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| 319281879 | Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castille | Monarchs of Christian kingdoms;marriage initiated exploration of New World | 0 | |
| 319281880 | Encomiendas | Grants of estates Indian laborers made to Spanish conquerors and settlers in Latin America | 1 | |
| 319281881 | Hispaniola | First island in the Caribbean settled by Spaniards; settled by Columbus on his second voyage | 2 | |
| 319281882 | Bartolome de las Casas | Dominican friar who supported peaceful conversion of the Native American population | 3 | |
| 319281883 | Hernan Cortes | Led expedition to Mexico in 1519; defeated Aztecs and established Spanish colonial rule | 4 | |
| 319281884 | Moctezuma 2 | Last independent Aztec ruler;killed during Cortes' conquest | 5 | |
| 319281885 | Mexico City | Capital of New Spain built on ruins of Tenochtitlan | 6 | |
| 319281886 | Francisco Pizarro | Began conquest of Inca Empire in 1535 | 7 | |
| 319281887 | Francisco Vazquez de Coronado | Led Spanish expedition into the southwestern United States in search of gold | 8 | |
| 319281888 | Pedro de Valdivia | Spanish conqueror of Araucanian Indians of Chile; established city of Santiago in 1541 | 9 | |
| 319281889 | Mita | Forced labor system | 10 | |
| 319281890 | Colombian Exchange | Biological and ecological exchange that occurred after European arrival in the New World | 11 | |
| 319281891 | Potosi | Largest New World silver mine; located in Bolivia | 12 | |
| 319281892 | Huancavelica | Greatest mercury deposit in South America; used in American silver production | 13 | |
| 319343567 | New Spain | Spanish colonial possessions in Mesoamerica in territories once part of Aztec imperial systems. | 14 |
