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| 48000916 | Ottoman Empire | Islamic state founded by Osman in northwest Anatolia. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, it was based at Istanbul | 0 | |
| 48000917 | Suleiman the Magnificent | The most illustrious of sultan of the Ottoman Empire; also known as "The Lawgiver." | 1 | |
| 48000918 | Janissaries | Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with fire arms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the 15th century until abolished | 2 | |
| 48000919 | Devshirme | "Selection" in Turkish. The system by which boys from Christian communities were taken by the Ottoman state to serve as Janissaries | 3 | |
| 48000920 | Tulip Period | Last years of the reign of the Ottoman sultan Ahmed III, during which European styles and attitudes became briefly popular in Istanbul | 4 | |
| 48000921 | Safavid Empire | Iranian kingdom established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi'ite state | 5 | |
| 48000922 | Shi'ite Islam | Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. | 6 | |
| 48000923 | Hidden Imam | Last in a series of twelve descendants of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali, whom Shi'ites consider divinely appointed leaders of the Muslim community | 7 | |
| 48000924 | Shah Abbas I | The fifth and most renowned ruler of the Safavid dynasty in Iran | 8 | |
| 48000925 | Mughal Empire | Muslim state exercising dominion over most of India in the 16th and 17th century | 9 | |
| 48000926 | Akbar | Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India. He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus | 10 | |
| 48000927 | Rajputs | Members of mainly Hindu warrior caste from northwest India. The Mughal emperors drew most of their Hindu officials from this caste and Akbar married a Rajput Princess | 11 | |
| 48000928 | Sikhism | Indian religion founded by the guru Nanak in the Punjab region of northwest India. After the Mughal emperors ordered the beheading of the ninth guru in 1675, Sikh warriors mounted armed resistance to Mughal rule | 12 | |
| 48000929 | Acheh Sultanate | Muslim kingdom in northern Sumatra. Main centers of Islamic expansion in Southeast Asia in the early seventeenth century, it declined after the Dutch seized Malacca from Portugal | 13 | |
| 48000930 | Oman | Arab state based in Musqat, the main port in the southwest region of the Arabian peninsula. Succeed Portugal as a power in the western Indian Ocean in the 18th century | 14 | |
| 48000931 | Swahili | Bantu language with Arabic loanwords spoken in coastal regions of East Africa | 15 | |
| 48000932 | Batavia | Fort established as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia; today the city of Jakarta | 16 |
